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6-1 flash cards

formation of sedimentary rocks...

TermDefinition
Sediments 134 Small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity.
Weathering 134 Produces rock and mineral fragments known as sediments.
Chemical Weathering 134 Occurs when the minerals in a rock are dissolved or otherwise chemically changed.
Physical Weathering 134 Minerals remain chemically unchanged. Rock fragments break off of the solid rock along fractures or grain boundaries.
Erosion 135 The removal and transport of sediment is called erosion. The four main agents of erosion: wind, moving water, gravity, and glaciers.
Deposition 136 When transported sediments are deposited on the ground or sink to the bottom of a body of water.
Lithification 136 the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. Lithify comes from the Greek word lithos, which means stone.
Compaction 137 The weight of overlying sediments forces the sediment grains closer together, causing the physical changes, causing the high water content and flat shape of particles in mud cause it to compact greatly when subjected to the weight of overlying sediments.
Cementation 137 Occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock. This occurs when a new mineral, such as calcite (CaC03) or iron oxide (Fe20 3), grows between sediment grains as dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater.
Bedding 137 The primary feature of sedimentary rocks resulting in horizontal layering. This feature results from the way sediment settles out of water or wind.
Graded bedding 138 Bedding in which the particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers. is often observed in marine sedimentary rocks that were deposited by underwater landslides.
Cross Bedding 138 Formed as inclined layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface. Small-scale cross-bedding forms on sandy beaches and along sandbars in streams and rivers. Most large-scale cross bedding is formed by migrating sand dunes.
Ripple Marks 138 When sediment is moved into small ridges by wind or wave action or by a river current. The back-and -forth motion of waves forms ripples that are symmetrical, while a current flows in one direction(in a river or stream) produces asymmetrical ripples.
Created by: ashlie_miller24
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