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Digestion

TermDefinition
Digestion The process of converting food into simpler substances the body can use.
Mechanical Digestion The breaking of food into smaller pieces with things like chewing of teeth and muscle contractions.
Chemical Digestion The breaking of food chemically with things like enzymes.
Mouth The place where food enters and is the first part of the digestive system where teeth perform mechanical digestion and amylase in your saliva breaks down starches. saliva also moistens your food.
Amylase The enzyme usually found in saliva that breaks down starches.
Epiglottis The flap that covers either the esophagus or trachea to prevent air or food from going down the wrong pipe.
Esophagus The tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Peristalsis Muscle contractions that push food through the digestive system and is the reason why you can digest food while laying down or upside down.
Stomach The place where food is churned and proteins are digested with gastric juices that contain pepsin (the enzyme that breaks down proteins) and hydrochloric acid (HCl.)
Pepsin The enzyme that breaks down proteins.
Liver Produces bile (breaks down fats/lipids) Is considered an accessory organ.
Gall bladder Stores bile produced by the liver. Is considered an accessory organ.
Bile Is responsible for breaking down lipids/fats.
Pancreas Produces protease (breaks down proteins), lipase (breaks down lipids/fats) amylase (breaks down starches), and insulin(regulates blood sugar) Is considered an accessory organ.
Insulin Regulates blood sugar and is produced by the pancreas.
Small intestine Is the final place of digestion where all proteins, starches, and lipids are all broken down and absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream.
Villi Finger-like projections that increase surface area of the small intestine to absorb nutrients faster.
Large Intestine The final part of the digestive system where water and vitamins are absorbed.
Rectum The place where solid waste is stored until it is eliminated.
Enzymes A type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions and works on substrates by breaking them or putting them together. Fits like a lock an a key.
Created by: EowynWang
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