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Astronomy

Study guide for Astronomy test

QuestionAnswer
Planet A large body in space that orbits a star and does not produce light
Pluto Dwarf Planet; once considered to be a planet in our solar system
Mars Known as the “Red Planet”; 4th closest planet from the Sun
Venus second planet from the Sun; named after the Roman God of Beauty; considered as “Earth’s Twin”
Rotation the spinning of Earth; responsible for day & night
Revolution the movement of Earth around the Sun (takes 365.25 days)
Orbit path an object follows as it revolves around another object
Stars classified by temperature, color, & brightness; made of hydrogen and helium
Sun The only star in our Solar System; mainly made of hydrogen;
Polaris the North Star
Mercury takes the least amount of time to orbit the Sun
Asteroid Belt found between Mars and Jupiter
Asteroids Rocket objects revolving around the Sun and are too small to be considered planets
Meteorite a piece of meteoroid that lands on Earth after passing through the atmosphere
Meteoroid Small rock in space
Winter the hemisphere is tilted away from Sun & receives LESS direct rays, has shorter days, & a cooler season
Equinox means “equal light”; occurs when the Sun is directly over the equator; all of Earth has 12 hours of both day & night
Why we have seasons on Earth The position of the Earth’s axis
Why the Moon is visible It deflects light from the Sun
Highlands The mountains on the Moon’s surface
Marias Flat areas on the Moon’s surface
Craters Large, round impressions on the Moon’s surface caused by impacts
Acronym for the planets My (Mercury) Very (Venus) Excellent (Earth) Mother (Mars) Just (Jupiter) Served (Saturn) Us (Uranus) Nine (Neptune) (Pizzas) [Pluto]
Solstice the day is shorter than the nights or vice versa; occurs 2 days a year when the Sun is directly over the equator
When the Sun is directly over the equator and neither hemisphere is tilted away or toward the Sun Equinox
Created by: JoeyVan4
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