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6-1 Sedimentary Rock

6-1 Sedimentary Rocks

TermDefinition
Sediments Wind, water, glaciers, and gravity moves these small pieces of rock
Weathering Produces rock and mineral fragments
Chemical Weathering Occurs when minerals in a rock dissolve or chemically altered
Physical Weathering Chemically unaltered rock fragments break from the solid rock along fractures or grain boundaries
Erosion Removal or transportation of sediments
Deposition Occurs when transported sediments deposit to the ground or sink to the bottom of a body of water
Lithification The physical and chemical process that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks
Compaction First stage of lithification, occurs when the weight of overlying sediments force the sediment grains closer
Cementation Second stage of lithification, occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains to solid rock. Also occurs when new minerals grow between sediment grains while dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater
Bedding Final stage of lithification, results from ways sediments settle out of water and wind
Graded Bedding Bedding when particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers
Cross Bedding Formed as inclined layers of sediments deposited across a horizontal surface
Ripple Marks Forms when wind or, wave actions, or river currents move sediments to small ridges
Created by: Nathale24
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