The process by which factors or conditions in the environment break rocks down into smaller pieces.

The process of wearing away rock and transporting sediments.

The process in which solid particles drop from a moving fluid to the bottom of the fluid; usually occurs when the flow rate decreases.

Chemical changes that dissolve rocks or breaks them down into smaller pieces.

mechanical weathering

The physical process that breaks down rock into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition.

A mechanical weathering process in which water trapped in cracks and pores of rock freezes and expands, creating fragments of rock.

The mechanical weathering process in which changes in temperature or the removal of the weight of overlying rock breaks down thin layers or slabs of rock.

biological weathering

The process by which the actions of plants, animals, and other organisms break down rocks.

The process by which gravity transports rocks and soil downhill.

The rapid downward movement of earth material.

The orderly pattern in which sediments deposit as a stream slows down and turbulence decreases; This process results in sediment particles forming layers of sediments of similar sizes.

The action of wind over a large area to remove small clastic particles, leaving behind cobbles and larger rocks that form desert pavement.

The process by which wind-driven sand erodes exposed rock and is very similar to artificial sand blasting.

A depositional landform that results from wind-deposited sand and soil; blowing sand continually reshapes them, resulting in their drift over time.

A thick deposit of fine windblown dust and silt that provides an excellent base for rich soil.

A large mass of dense, compacted snow and ice that flows downhill under the influence of gravity.

Sediments deposited b a glacier.

Unsorted glacial sediments deposited when a glacier melts and retreats.

A sedimentary ridge or surface formed by glacial till after a glacier melts or retreats; can form at the front of or to the side of the glacier, in a glacial valley, or where two or more glaciers merge.

Layers of eroded earth materials and organic matter on the earth's surface.

A relatively uniform layer of soil; fully developed soil typically has three labeled A, B, C.

Decayed organic matter in the soil's A -horizon that holds water and gives plants nutrients.

An especially fertile topsoil containing about 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay; often contains humus.

Any method used to prevent soil erosion; includes strip cropping, contour plowing, flood control dams, and windbreak construction.

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8ES Chp 12:Erosion

8th Grade Earth Science Chapter 12: Weathering and Erosion Coach Leach

Term	Definition
weathering	The process by which factors or conditions in the environment break rocks down into smaller pieces.
erosion	The process of wearing away rock and transporting sediments.
deposition	The process in which solid particles drop from a moving fluid to the bottom of the fluid; usually occurs when the flow rate decreases.
chemical weathering	Chemical changes that dissolve rocks or breaks them down into smaller pieces.
mechanical weathering	The physical process that breaks down rock into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition.
frost wedging	A mechanical weathering process in which water trapped in cracks and pores of rock freezes and expands, creating fragments of rock.
exfoliation	The mechanical weathering process in which changes in temperature or the removal of the weight of overlying rock breaks down thin layers or slabs of rock.
biological weathering	The process by which the actions of plants, animals, and other organisms break down rocks.
mass wasting	The process by which gravity transports rocks and soil downhill.
landslide	The rapid downward movement of earth material.
sorting	The orderly pattern in which sediments deposit as a stream slows down and turbulence decreases; This process results in sediment particles forming layers of sediments of similar sizes.
deflation	The action of wind over a large area to remove small clastic particles, leaving behind cobbles and larger rocks that form desert pavement.
abrasion	The process by which wind-driven sand erodes exposed rock and is very similar to artificial sand blasting.
dune	A depositional landform that results from wind-deposited sand and soil; blowing sand continually reshapes them, resulting in their drift over time.
loess	A thick deposit of fine windblown dust and silt that provides an excellent base for rich soil.
glacier	A large mass of dense, compacted snow and ice that flows downhill under the influence of gravity.
glacial drift	Sediments deposited b a glacier.
till	Unsorted glacial sediments deposited when a glacier melts and retreats.
moraine	A sedimentary ridge or surface formed by glacial till after a glacier melts or retreats; can form at the front of or to the side of the glacier, in a glacial valley, or where two or more glaciers merge.
soil	Layers of eroded earth materials and organic matter on the earth's surface.
horizon	A relatively uniform layer of soil; fully developed soil typically has three labeled A, B, C.
humus	Decayed organic matter in the soil's A -horizon that holds water and gives plants nutrients.
loam	An especially fertile topsoil containing about 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay; often contains humus.
soil conservation	Any method used to prevent soil erosion; includes strip cropping, contour plowing, flood control dams, and windbreak construction.

Created by: CoachLeach

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