Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ecology Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| producer | an organism that makes its own food; autotrophs |
| producer examples | grasses, ferns, cacti, flowering plants, trees, algae, & some bacteria |
| consumer | an organism that gets its energy by eating other organisms; heterotrophs |
| consumer examples | mice, starfish, elephants, turtles. humans, & ants |
| omnivore | organism that consumes both producers and consumers |
| omnivore examples | bears, pigs, gorillas, rats, racoons, cockroaches, & humans |
| herbivore | organism that consumes producers |
| herbivore examples | cows, sheep, deer, & grasshoppers |
| carnivore | organism that consumes other consumers |
| carnivore examples | lions, hawks, snakes, spiders, sharks, & whales |
| detritivore | type of decomposer that eat dead matter and excrete nutrients |
| detritivore examples | mites, crabs, worms, & millipedes |
| decomposer | consumer that breaks down dead organisms into chemical form; recycle nutrients |
| decomposer examples | fungi & bacteria |
| scavengers | consumers that feed on dead organisms ; break down dead matter into smaller particles that decomposers can further break down |
| predator | an animal that hunts and kills another animal for food |
| prey | an animal that is hunted and caught for food |
| organism | any one living thing |
| population | a species that lives in an area |
| community | all the populations that live in an area |
| ecosystem | all the living and nonliving features of an environment |
| biome | large geographic area with similar climates and ecoystems |
| biosphere | the part of the Earth that supports life |
| energy pyramid | shows the direction that energy flows |
| primary consumers | first level of consumers; heterotrophs |
| secondary consumers | second level of consumers; consume primary consumers; either omnivores or carnivores |
| tertiary consumers | third level of consumers; consume secondary consumers; either omnivores or carnivores |
| quaternary consumers | fourth level of consumers; consume tertiary consumers; either omnivores or carnivores |
| Sun | original energy source of food chains & webs |
| 10% of energy rule | 10% of an organisms energy is transferred to another organism when it is eaten ; 90% is lost at each level as heat |
| primary succession | species diversity is low - begins with no soil |
| secondary succession | species diversity is great - soil contains seeds and spores of various species |
| parastitism | one species is harmed while the other benefits ; example - fleas/ticks on dogs |
| mutualism | both species benefit from the relationship; examples - bees pollinating flowers |
| commensalism | one species benefits and the other organism neither benefits nor is harmed ; example- orchids & trees |
| mimicry | anatomical adaptation; body covering that helps organism survive by mimicking the look of another (more dangerous) organism |
| camouflage | anatomical adaptation; body covering that helps organism survive by blending in with its surroundings |
| monophenotype | having homozygous alleles |
| fitness | the ability to survive, find a mate, & reproduce |
| overfishing | causes decline in fish populations; can decrease the stability of ecosystems by disrupting food chains |
| reducing water quality | can cause decrease in water populations; can be a reduction in amount of clean water |
| exotic species | can cause decrease in native species; introduced to new areas by human release |
| pollution | can be natural: forest fires, landslides, living plants & animals, volcanic eruptions can be human caused: cars, power plants, factories, poor farming practices |
| urbanization | reduces native species in area & causes relocation |
| resource depletion & soil erosion | removal of native plants, over use of land, etc. |
| pioneer species | first species to live in an uninhabited area; examples - lichens and some mosses |
Created by:
teafair
Popular Biology sets