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A&P Practice Exam 3

SP 2022 Anatomy

QuestionAnswer
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system? A) mechanical processing B) absorption C) excretion D) chemical digestion E) acid base balance of the blood E
2. The digestive system acquires nutrients from the environment by breaking down complex organic molecules.
3. The process of mastication increases the surface area of the food particles to increase contact of the particles with the saliva.
4. In the walls of the digestive tract, the function of the muscularis externa is*** allowing movement of the wall of the digestive tract.
5. The digestive functions performed by saliva and salivary amylase respectively are moistening and starch digestion.
6. The process that propels the food bolus from the oral cavity to the stomach is*** peristalsis in the esophagus.
7. The function of the esophageal sphincter is to Prevent the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus
8. Which of the following are secreted by the stomach? pepsinogen and intrinsic factor
9. The role of gastric juice in the stomach includes all of the following except epithelial protection.
10. Which of the following cell types of the stomach is correctly matched with its function?*** parietal cells - produce hydrochloric acid
11. Pepsinogen is released from cells in gastric pits and only becomes active when it is converted to pepsin in the lumen of the stomach. If pepsin was synthesized as an active enzyme rather than as the zymogen pepsinogen, it would*** digest the Chief cells of the stomach.
12. The distention of the stomach by food is the primary stimulus to begin the gastric phase of gastric secretion.
13. The villi, microvilli and plicae circularis function to increase surface area for absorption.
14. The chemical digestion of proteins begins in the stomach.
15. Pancreatic amylase is an enzyme required for the breakdown of carbohydrates.
16. Which of the following nutrients must be digested in order to be absorbed?*** Proteins
17. Which of the following nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine?*** Triglycerides
18. Carbohydrates must be broken down into ______ before they can be absorbed in the small intestine. monosaccharides.
19. The digestive juice that contains enzymes capable of digesting all major food groups is*** Pancreatic Juice
20. When chyme enters the duodenum, ____ is released and stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonates and ____ is released and stimulates the pancreas to secrete pancreatic enzymes. secretin; cholecystokinin (CCK)
21. The gallbladder... stores bile.
22. The enterohepatic circulation delivers blood from ___________ to ___________. absorptive surfaces of the digestive tract; the liver.
23. Brush border enzymes are enzymes found on the microvilli of the intestinal epithelium
24. Which of the following does NOT play a role in mechanical digestion? trypsin
25. The appendix is a significant source of immune cells.
26. One function of the colon is absorption of water.
27. Treatment with antibiotics can sometimes kill bacteria that live in the large intestine. This can result in intestinal infection with disease-causing bacteria.
28. The defecation reflexes stimulate the contraction of __________ and relaxation of _________. the sigmoid colon and rectum; the internal anal sphincter
29. Feces consist of A. water. B. indigestible food. C. bacteria. D. sloughed-off epithelial cells.
30. The muscle tone of the __________ along the colon contracts it lengthwise, causing its walls to bulge and form pouches called __________. taeniae coli; haustra
31. The product of complete chemical digestion of starch is glucose
32. Obesity is a result of consumption of calories in excess of body energy requirements
33. Which of the following occurs during the absorptive phase? insulin secretion
35. The molecule that is produced during the beta oxidation of fatty acids is acetyl CoA
36. Which of the following statements is TRUE?*** Anabolic reactions are involved in the production of proteins from amino acids.
34. Which of the following is least likely to occur late in the postabsorptive state? formation of glycogen
37. __________ yield about 4 kcal/g when completely oxidized, whereas __________ yield about 9 kcal/g*** Proteins and carbohydrates; fats
38. A diet low in fiber can cause constipation because slow movement of feces through the large intestine causes excess water reabsorption
39. The mitochondrion is the site of the citric acid cycle and the electron-transport chain.
40. The product of complete chemical digestion of proteins is amino acids.
41. The body's main energy storage molecules are lipids
42. In a resting adult, most of the cells in the body produce ATP by aerobic metabolism of glucose
43. Which of the following statements about anaerobic fermentation is true?*** some of the energy from the catabolism of glucose is captured as ATP
44. Carbohydrates are absorbed into the bloodstream as monosaccharides.
45. The correct sequence of events that occurs when fatty acids are used to generate ATP is*** beta oxidation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain.
46. The electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation results in the formation of ATP.
47. If oxygen is present, how many molecules (net) of ATP are produced by the full breakdown of one molecule of glucose? 32
48. An increase in body temperature will occur when the basal metabolic rate increases
49. The parallel location of the femoral artery and the femoral vein allows counter-current exchange which retains heat in the body core
50. If an increase in blood temperature were detected, one would probably observe as a result of the increase in blood temperature increased sweat production.
Created by: pwalsh
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