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Microbiology.
Microbiologists and their Achievements
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Billroth | 1874. Discovery of round bacteria in chains |
| Koch | 1876. Identification of Bacillus anthracis as causative agent of anthrax |
| Koch | 1878. Differentiation of staphylococci |
| Hansen. | Discovery of Mycobacterium leprae as causative agent of leprosy |
| Neisser | 1880. Discovery of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as causative agent of gonorrhea |
| Laveran and Ross | 1880. Identification of life cycle of malarial parasites in red blood cells of infected humans |
| Eberth | 1880. Discovery of Salmonella typhi as causative agent of typhoid fever |
| Pasteur and Sternberg | 1880. Isolation and culturing of pneumonia cocci from saliva |
| Koch | 1881. Animal immunization with attenuated anthrax bacilli |
| Leistikow and Loeffler | 1882. Cultivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| Koch | 1883. Discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as causative agent of tuberculosis |
| Klebs | 1883. Culturing of Corynebacterium diptheriae and toxin as causative agent of diptheria |
| Loeffler | 1884. Culturing of Corynebacterium diptheriae |
| Rosenbach | 1884. pure culturing of streptococci and staphylococci |
| Escherich | 1885. Identification of Escherichia coli as a natural inhabitant of the human gut |
| Bumm | 1885. Pure culturing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| Flugge | 1886. Staining to differentiate bacteria |
| Fraenckel | 1886. Streptococcus pneumoniae related to pneumonia |
| Weichselbaum | 1887. Neisseria meningitidis related to meningitis |
| Bruce | 1887. Identification of Brucella melitensis as causative agent of brucellosis in cattle |
| Petri | 1887. Invention of the culture dish |
| Roux and Yersin | 1888. Discovery of action of diptheria toxin |
| Charrin and Roger | 1889. Discovery of agglutination of bacteria in immune system |
| Kitasato | 1889. Discovery that Clostridium tetani produces tetanus toxin |
| Pfeiffer | 1890. Identification of Pfeiffer bacillus, Haemophilus influenzae |
| von Behring and Kitasato | 1890. Immunization of animals with diptheria toxin |
| Ivanovski | 1892. Discovery of filterability of tobacco mosaic virus |
| Roux and Kitasato | 1894. Identification of Yersinia pestis as causative agent of the bubonic plague |
| Pfeiffer | 1894. Discovery of bacteriolysis in immune serum |
| Bordet | 1895. Discovery of alexin [complement] and hemolysis |
| Widal and Grunbaum | 1896. Development of diagnostic test based on agglutination of typhoid bacilli by immune serum |
| van Ermengem | 1897. Discovery of Clostridium botulinum as causative agent of botulism |
| Kraus | 1897. Discovery of precipitins |
| Ehrlich | 1897. Formulation of side chain theory of antibody formation |
| Shiga | 1898. Discovery of Shigella dysenteriae as causative agent of dysentery |
| Loeffler and Frosch | 1898. Discovery of filterability of virus that causes foot-and-mouth disease |
| Beijerinck | 1899. Discovery of intracellular reproducton of tobacco mosaic virus |
| Bordet and Gengou | Identificaton of Bordetella pertussis as causative agent of whooping cough; development of complement fixation test |
| Reed and colleagues | 1901. Identification of virus that causes yellow fever |
| Portier and Richet | 1902. Work on anaphylaxis |
| Remlinger and Riffat-Bey | 1903. Identification of virus that causes rabies |
| Schaudinn and Hoffmann | 1905. Identification of Treponema pallidum as causative agent of syphilis |
| Wasserman, Neisser, and Bruck | 1906. Development of Wasserman reaction for syphilis antibodies |
| Asburn and Craig | 1907. Identification of virus that causes dengue fever |
| Flexner and Lewis | 1909. Identification of virus that causes poliomyelitis |
| Twort | 1915. Discovery of viruses that infect bacteria |
| d'Herelle | 1917. Independent rediscovery of viruses that infect bacteria [bacteriophages] |
| Ross | 1902. Malaria |
| Fleming, Chain, and Florey | 1945. Penicillin |
| Waksman | 1952. Streptomycin |
| Watson, Crick, and Wilkins | 1962. Structure of DNA |
| Holley, Khorana, and Nirenberg | 1968. Genetic code |