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Chapter 8 ESC
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Catastrophism | States that Earth’s landscape has been shaped primarily by great catastrophes. |
| Uniformitarianism | the principle that states that geologic processes that occur today are similar to those that have occurred in the past. |
| Geologic time scale | Is the division of Earth history into blocks of time, such as eons, eras, periods, and epochs. |
| Numerical dates | specifies the actual number of years that have passed since the event has occurred. |
| Relative dating | Rocks placed in their proper sequence or order, which determines only the chronologic order of events. |
| Conformable | Layers of rock that have been deposited essentially without interpretation |
| Unconformity | Is a long period during which deposition ceased, erosion removed previously materials. |
| Fossils | Is the remains or traces of prehistoric life, which is essential for interpreting the geologic past. |
| Paleontology | Is just the scientific study of fossils. |
| Amber | The hardened resin of ancient trees that preserve insects. |
| Tracks | Animal footprints made in soften sediment than later turned into sedimentary rock. |
| Burrows | Which is tubes in sediment, wood, or rock made by a animal, and these holes become filled with mineral matter and preserved. |
| Coprolites | Is fossil dung and stomach contents that can provide useful information pertaining to the size and food habits of organisms. |
| Gastroliths | Are highly polished stomach stones that were used in the grinding of food by some extinct reptiles. |
| Correlation | Is the establishment of the equivalence of rocks of similar age in difference areas. |
| Index fossil | Fossils that we widespread geographically and are limited to a short span of geologic time, so their presence provides an important method of matching rocks of the same age. |
| Radiometric dating | It provides a reliable method of calculating the ages of rocks and minerals that contain particular radioactive isotopes. |
| Atomic Number | Is the number of protons in the nucleus. |
| Mass Number | Addition of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. |
| Isotopes | A varying number of neutrons within an atom. |
| Parent | An unstable radioactive isotope. |
| Daughter product | Isotopes resulting from the radioactive decay. |
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