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A Challenge Research

Neuron and neuromuscular junction

QuestionAnswer
cell body the compact area of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm, excluding the axon and the dendrites
dendrites the branching nerve fibers extending from a cell body that receive messages from other cells and conduct impulses to the cell body
axon the long, narrow extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses AWAY from the cell body
nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell and carries the genes, structures that contain hereditary information
cytoplasm the material or protoplasm within a living cell, which provides shape to the cell and enables the organelles to remain in place
myelin sheath an insulating layer that forms around the nerves, allowing electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells
Schwann cell nucleus the "control center" of the Schwann cell
terminal branches club-shaped nerve fiber endings of the axon that secrete chemicals and form synaptic contacts with other nerve cells
node of Ranvier the portion of the axon, located between two neighboring Schwann cells, which is not insulated by a myelin sheath and thereby conducts electrical impulses
Schwann cell mainly required for insulating (myelinating) and supplying nutrients to individual nerve fibers (axons)
synaptic knob small, button-like relay point at the tip of a terminal branch, from chemicals/signals are sent into the synapses
acetylcholine sacs a neurotransmitter; a small molecule that plays a role in transmitting signals along neurons
cleft the minute gap between two or more neurons which helps nerve impulses pass from one neuron to another
muscle fiber a single muscle cell; when activated by a nerve, it increases tension within the muscle, activating the physical forces within the body
neuron a nerve cell that is the basic building block of the nervous system, specialized to transmit information throughout the body
Created by: MrsHough
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