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DNA and RNA
Review of DNA and RNA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DNA to RNA to Protein | Central Dogma |
| DNA to DNA | replication |
| Number of strands in DNA | 2 |
| location of DNA (cell organelle) | nucleus |
| purpose of DNA | holds genetic information |
| sugar found in DNA | deoxyribose |
| chemical bonds that hold nucleotides together in center of DNA | hydrogen |
| nucleotides found in DNA | A, T, C, G |
| always pairs with Adenine (A) | Thymine (T) |
| always pairs with Cytosine (C) | Guanine (G) |
| enzyme that breaks chemical bonds holding nucleotides together | helicase |
| phase when DNA is replicated during cell cycle | S phase |
| building blocks of DNA (N-base, sugar, & phosphate group) | nucleotide |
| phrases used to describe DNA molecule | double helix / twisted ladder |
| used to form outside part of DNA molecule (alternating parts) | sugar & phosphates |
| reason DNA replication is a semi-conservative process | half old strand + half new strand |
| random change in DNA | mutation |
| cell organelle that makes proteins | ribosome |
| building blocks of proteins (polypeptide chain) | amino acids |
| AAA --> ACA is this type of mutation | substitution (point) |
| AAA --> AAAA is this type of mutation | insertion |
| AAA --> AA is this type of mutation | deletion |
| mutation where the "reading frame" is moved due to adding or deleting of a nucleotide | frameshift |
| protein synthesis happens with these parts of central dogma (2) | transcription and translation |
| DNA to RNA | transcription |
| RNA to Protein | translation |
Created by:
cadetjt
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