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Breastfeeding and in

Lowdermilk Nursing exam 1 part 3 week 2

QuestionAnswer
BF exclusively for 1st __ mo. and continue for at least ___ mo. 6 months 12 months
If weaned of breast < 12 mo., provide _____________ infant formula. iron-fortified
Choosing an infant feeding method should be an….. informed decision based on: Nutritional/immunologic needs of NB Benefits Risks with formulas
Immigrants may perceive formula as: Modern A way to adapt to North American culture
Cultures have specific beliefs & practices to foster milk production.
Human milk is designed for human infants & is nutritionally superior to any alternative
Breast milk is considered a living tissue
BF BEST for MOMS because it Promotes bonding Controls PP bleeding Keeps bones strong Uses up extra weight gained during pregnancy Saves $ Saves time “Green”
Breastfeeding is a SKILL and often takes time to LEARN
TIPS TO HELP BF BF early – within ______ after birth Get help Breastfeed often - q 1½ - 3 h or 8 – 12 x/day No soothers or bottles until 4-6 weeks. Only breast milk for 1st 6 mos.
Signs of Effective BF MOTHER mother knows techniques appropriate response to infant's feeding rediness cues\mother's ability to facilitate efficient breastfeeding\mother's adequate fluid and caloric intake for breastfeeding.
Signs of Effective BF INFANT Weight gain – at least 1 ounce/day after day 5 Deep & slow sucks Pauses - reflect a mouthful & swallow Other signs?
GENERAL BREAST CARE Wash breasts daily with plain water (NO soap). Wear a well-fitting bra with NO underwires. After BF, express milk onto nipples & areola & allow to dry before reapplying bra.
CUES Vital signs within normal limits Unlabored respirations, nares patent, no cyanosis Active bowel sounds No abdominal distention
Behavioural Cues TO FEEDING READINESS Hand-to-mouth or hand-to-hand movements
INFANT’S NUTRIENT NEEDS Fluids Energy Carbohydrate Fat Protein Vitamins Minerals
size of breast usually not an issue
at 16 weeks gestation, alveoli begin producing colostrum (influenced by HPL)
Hormone prolactin responsible for breastfeeding
prolactin levels highest during 10 days after birth, gradually declining, but remaining above baseline levels for duration of lactation
prolactin produced in response to NB sucking & emptying breasts (milk constantly produced as infant feeds)
milk-production is a ______________________ system supply-meets-demand
oxytocin also essential to lactation because it is produced by posterior pituitary in response to stimulation of hypothalamus responsible for the milk-ejection reflex (let-down reflex) can be produced by thoughts of baby, etc. helps uterus to contract
painful afterpains occur with BF for 1st 3-5 days, especially in multiparas
Human milk contains antimicrobial antibodies Immunoglobulin A (IgA) major antibody Colostrum is more concentrated than mature milk & rich in immunoglobulins
Human milk Contains antimicrobial antibodies and has > concentrations of protein & minerals but < fat than mature milk
Human milk changes in composition with each stage of lactation, during each feeding, & as infant grows
Expected Outcomes RT BF: Infant Latch on & feed effectively at least 8 x/day Gain weight – 1 ounce/day Remain well hydrated (have 6-8 wet diapers and 3 BM’s q 24 h > day 5) Sleep or seem content between feedings
Expected Outcomes RT BF: The Mother Verbalizes understanding of BF, including positioning, latch-on, signs of adequate feeding, self-care Reports no nipple discomfort Consumes a nutritionally balanced diet with appropriate caloric and fluid intake Expresses satisfaction with BF exper
Parents should be informed of benefits of BF for infants, mothers, families, & society antenatally.
nfants should be BF ASAP after birth & at least 8 - 12 x/day after
Specific, measurable indicators show when the NB is BF effectively.
Breast milk production is based on supply-meets-demand principle
Commercial infant formulas provide satisfactory nutrition for most infants.
All infants should be held closely for feedings
Created by: knnmala
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