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Force and Motion
Forces, Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| position | described by the relative location of another object |
| speed | describes how fast an object is moving |
| force | any push or pull that causes an object to stop, change speed, or direction |
| friction | the resistance of motion (often creates heat) |
| potential energy | stored energy (an object is not in motion) |
| kinetic energy | motion energy (an object that is in motion) |
| atoms | tiny material within all objects |
| protons | positive charge |
| neutrons | neutral or no charge |
| electrons | negative charge |
| static electricity | rubbing certain items together creates this |
| lightning | static electricity seen in the clouds |
| current electricity | continuous flow of electrons |
| circuit | the path of electric current |
| open circuit | does not allow electricity to flow |
| closed circuit | allows electricity to flow |
| conductors | materials that allow electricity to pass through such as metals |
| insulators | materials that DO NOT alow electricity to pass through such as rubber, plastic, and wood |
| parallel circuit | has more than one pathway for electricity to flow |
| series circuit | has only one path for electricity to flow |
| electromagnet | a non-permanent magnet created by wrapping wire around iron material (nail) |
| magnetic poles | the strongest point on a magnet (usually North and South) |
| magnetic field | the lines of force extended from the poles of a magnet in an arched pattern showing where the magnetic force occurs |
| repel | push against |
| attract | come together |
| Michael Faraday | invented the electromagnet |
| Benjamin Frankilin | Discovered static electricity (lightning) during a kite and key experiment |
| Thomas Edison | inventor of the lightbulb |