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Integumentary System

QuestionAnswer
What structures constitute the integumentary system? Skin Hair Nails Glands Receptors
Identify the functions of the skin. Maintain body temperature Protection Sensory perception Excretion Synthesis of vitamin D Immunity Broad reservoir
List the three primary layers of the skin. Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis (subcutaneous)
What is a melanocyte, and in which layer of the skin is it found? Melanocytes are pigment-synthesizing cells of the epidermis.
What is the stratum basale, and what is its function? The stratum basale is the innermost layer of the epidermis, and its function is to provide cells for the epidermis.
What is the stratum corneum, and what is its function? The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis consisting of 25–30 rows of flat, dead, keratinized cells; its primary function is protection.
Where are Meissner’s corpuscles located, and what is their function? Meissner’s corpuscles (corpuscles of touch) are found in dermal papillae, and they function as touch receptors.
Describe the structure of the hypodermis. The hypodermis (subcutaneous) is a layer of areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue that anchors the dermis to the underlying tissues.
Identify the three main factors that determine the colour of the skin: Melanin Carotene Superficial blood vessels
What is albinism? Albinism is a condition characterized by a lack of melanin synthesis. Albinos are unable to synthesize the enzyme tyrosinase.
What are dermal papillae? Dermal papillae increase the surface area of the skin. They also allow for the sensation of light touch, coolness, warmth, tickling, and itching.
Identify the three main epidermal accessory structures: Hair Glands Nails
What is the function of the arrector pili muscles? Arrector pili muscles pull the hairs into a vertical position. The contraction of the muscles occurs under the stresses of fright, cold, or emotion.
Where do most sebaceous glands release their secretions? Most sebaceous glands release secretions into the hair follicles.
Which parts of the body lack sebaceous glands? Sebaceous glands are absent from the palms and the soles.
Where are the apocrine sweat glands located? Apocrine sweat glands are found in the axilla, the pubic region, and the areolae of the breast.
What is the function of cerumen? Cerumen prevents the entry of foreign materials deep into the ear.
Which of the following is a function of the skin? a. Blood reservoir b. Excretion c. Immunity d. Regulator of body temperature
What is not an accessory structure to the skin? Sensory nerve endings
Vitamin D production by the skin depends on: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation
The epidermis is an example of which of these epithelial varieties? Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Which one of the following does not contain any blood vessels? Epidermis
Which of the following layers of the epidermis occurs only in thick skin? Stratum lucidum
In Caucasians, the skin appears pink to red, with the red colour coming from: Hemoglobin
In the skin, the nerves and blood vessels are found mainly in the: The correct answer is: Dermis
What is true about hair? The cuticle is the outermost layer of hair. The medulla is the inner part of hair, composed of pigment and air spaces. The hair follicle surrounds the root of a hair. The bulb is an enlarged, layered structure at the base of each hair follicle
What is one fact about sweat glands? Eccrine sweat glands are more numerous than other types of sweat glands.
Created by: nickseaman
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