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Evolution Vocabulary
Use the cards to study evolution terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adaptation | physical feature or behavior which increases an organism's chance of survival. |
| Theory of Natural Selection/natural selection | Theory which states that organisms have variation and factors in the environment favor certain variations. As a result, organisms with the favorable variations, survive, and pass on traits. |
| Homologous structures | Structures which are similar, but function differently in different environments. Produced by adaptive radiation. |
| adaptive radiation | Occurs when organisms have a common ancestor, but look different because organisms live in different environments. Produces homologous structures |
| Analogous structures | Structures which have the same function, but have a different structure. Occur because organisms live in similar environments. Result of convergent evolution. |
| Vestigial structures | An organ or structure which is present in an organism, but has no known purpose. Ex: Appendix |
| Origin of Species | Book by Darwin which outlined his ideas which led to the Theory of Natural Selection. |
| Galapagos Islands | Location of Darwin's research which allowed him to study species and adaptations of finches. |
| Convergent evolution | Evolution which occurs when organisms resemble each other due to habitat rather than common ancestry. Produces analogous structures. |
| Coevolution | Occurs which organisms evolve together like bees and flowers |
| Directional selection | Type of selection where a variant of one extreme is favored. Shifts the population towards one trait. |
| Disruptive selection | Type of selection where both extremes are favored while the intermediate phenotype is not favored. |
| Stabilizing selection | Type of selection where the extreme variants are not favored. Reduces variation. |
| Artificial selection | Occurs when humans choose which organisms to breed to produce specific traits. |
| Transitional fossils | Types of fossils which show gradual changes over long periods of time because natural selection is favoring certain variations. |
| Speciation | Formation of new species |
| Fitness | Ability to survive and reproduce |
| Theory of Acquired Traits | Theory which states that organisms develop adaptations through use and disuse and then pass those traits onto offspring. |
| Lammarck | Developed theory of acquired traits |
| Darwin | Developed the theory of natural selection |
| paradigm | Set of assumptions we assume to be true and use to interpret observations. |