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Genetics
Rubarts Quiz Practice
What tries to answer how a parent passes certain genes onto their offspring? | heredity, |
Genes are inherited from both parents through ______ reproduction. | sexual |
These genes express specific _______ or characteristics. | traits |
“Father of modern genetics” | Gregor Mendel |
What did Mendel do? | Discovered the basic principles of heredity by Experimenting on pea plants and showed that their traits follow a particular pattern. |
These are found in the nucleus of a cell and carry genes. | Chromosomes |
Segments of DNA on a chromosome that are responsible for inherited traits. | Genes |
The genetic makeup of an organism. | Genotype |
The appearance of an organism based on its genotype. | Phenotype |
Variants (differences) in a gene | Alleles |
Occurs on a fixed spot (band) on a chromosome. | Alleles |
What might an allele indicate? | blood type, color blindness, or many other traits. |
Describes how likely it is for certain phenotype traits to pass from parent to offspring. | Dominant or Recessive |
These show their effect with only one copy of the allele (Dd) | Dominant alleles |
These show their effect with two copies of the allele (dd) | Recessive Alleles |
Genetically determined characteristics. | Inherited Traits |
Because traits come from both parents - | offspring have a combination of both parents’ genes. |
What are some examples of inherited traits? | skin, hair, color, height, freckles |
Carries two copies of the same dominant allele (BB) | Homozygous Dominant |
Carries two copies of the same recessive allele (bb) | Homozygous Recessive |
Carries two different alleles of a gene (Bb) | Heterozygous |
Probability is expressed in a ______ | percentage. |
Examines just one of the many genes that get passed on during sexual reproduction | Punnett Square |
A Punnett Square shows all possible ways the offspring could inherit the gene from two parents. | Punnett Square |
A diagram used by geneticists to determine the probability (chance) of an offspring having a particular phenotype. | Punnett Square |
Genotypic ratio of a heterozygous cross (Tt xTt) | 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1tt |