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A/P week 1-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass is determined by the number of: | Protons and Neutrons |
| Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? | Helium |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the: | the solution becomes more acidic |
| The octet rule refers to the: | stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level. |
| An ionic bond is formed by: | a positive and a negative ion attracting each other. |
| An example of a catabolic process is: | hydrolysis. |
| Acids | are proton donors. taste sour. release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution. |
| The kind of element is determined by the number of: | protons |
| Approximately what percentage of the body weight of an adult female is water? | 50% |
| A solution that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) than hydrogen ions (H+) is a(n) _____ solution. | Alkaline/Basic |
| The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: | dehydration synthesis. |
| The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction? | Decomp |
| The most abundant and important compound(s) in the body is(are): | Water |
| The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n) _____ reaction. | synthesis |
| A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n): | Electron |
| Which of the following bonds are the weakest? | Hydrogen |
| Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is: | 2 |
| A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. | 12; 13; 10 |
| In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will: | turn blue |
| AB + CD → AD + CB is an example of a(n) _____ reaction. | exchange |
| The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: | 1 proton, 2 neutrons |
| The approximate pH of gastric fluid is: | 2 |
| An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. | neutrons |
| An example of a catabolic process is: | Hydrolysis |
| Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called: | Bases |
| The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? | 4 |
| When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, or share: | electrons |
| The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane. | Transverse |
| From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: | chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism. |
| If your reference point is “farthest from the trunk of the body” versus “nearest to the trunk of the body,” where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle? | Proximal |
| A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region. | Right Hypochondriac |
| Blood production is a function of which system? | Skeletal |
| When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n): | Tissue |
| The number of abdominal regions is: | 9 |
| Two major cavities of the human body are: | Ventral and Dorsal |
| Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of: | Organelles |
| A frontal section divides the body into _____ portions. | Front and Back |
| The structure that is called the “powerhouse” of the cell is the: | Mitochondria |
| A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is: | coronal |
| The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are | cells |
| The reproductive system includes all of the following except the: | Ureter |
| What is the anatomical direction term that means nearer the surface? | Superficial |
| A sagittal section divides the body into _____ portions. | Right and Left |
| Popliteal refers to the: | behind the knee |
| An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included? | Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac |
| Molecules are: | atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates. |
| The lungs are located in the: | Thoracic |
| Several kinds of tissues working together are termed a(n): | Organ |
| An organ is one organizational level higher than a(n): | Tissue |
| The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the: | Peroxisomes |
| Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called: | Caveolae |
| The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: | Plasma Membrane |
| The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae? | Mitochondria |
| Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? | Cell Division |
| Which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus? | Lysosome |
| The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? | Cholesterol |
| The membranous structure containing substances that protect the cell from harm are: | Lyosomes, Peroxisomes |
| A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: | microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments. |
| Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are called: | Cilia |
| The largest human cell, measuring about 150 μm, is a: | Female Sex Cell, Ovum |
| The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is called: | Microvili |
| The structure in cells that is associated with the enzymatic breakdown (digestion) of foreign material is the: | Lysosome |
| Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: | Desmosomes |
| organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? | Ribrosomes |
| The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: | mRNA |
| Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: | Chromatin |
| A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the: | Flagellum |
| DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle? | Nucleus |
| The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: | Phospholipid bilayer |
| ATP production occurs within which organelle? | Mitochondria |
| Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? | Golgi |
| Which of the following recognize and destroy nonself cells? | Immune Cells |
| The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called: | Micovili |
| The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: | glycoprotein molecules. |
| The fundamental organizational unit of life is the: | cell |
| Which cell fiber serves as part of our “cellular muscles?” | Microfilament |
| Which are the organelles that allow for the recycling of amino acids in the cell? | Proteasomes |
| The epidermis is composed of several types of epithelial cells. One type, called keratinocytes, become filled with a tough, fibrous protein called | keratin |
| The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer. | reticular |
| All glands in the body can be classified as either | exocrine, endocrine |
| The mixed secretions of sebaceous and ceruminous glands form a brown waxy substance called the | Cerumen |
| The most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is | connective |
| Each hair follicle has a small bundle of involuntary muscles attached to it called the | Erector Pilli |
| The strongest and most durable type of cartilage is | Fibrocartilage |
| The External Ear is composed of | elastic cartilage |
| The two major categories of body membranes are | epithelial and connective. |
| Besides water, extracellular matrix contains proteins and lipids. | proteins and proteoglycans. |
| The _____ junction “glues” the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis | dermoepidermal |
| Which of the following tissues lacks a direct blood supply and consequently heals very slowly? | Cartilage |
| Which of the following contains osteocytes? | bone |
| Which of the following is not a primary germ layer | epiderm |
| The skin glands include three kinds of microscopic glands. They are the __________ glands. | sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous |
| Of the many different kinds of protein compounds in the body, which is the most abundant? | collagen |
| Around the sixth month of pregnancy, the developing fetus is almost entirely covered by a fine soft hair coat called the | lanugo |
| The connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints are called _____ membranes. | Synovial |
| The two main layers that compose the skin are the dermis and | epidermis |
| Adipose Tissue is | a storage tissue |
| The fluid environment that fills the spaces between the cells of the body is called | Extracellular matrix |
| Cells in a tissue are surrounded by or embedded in a complex extracellular material called a | matrix |
| The basic determinant of skin color is | Melanin |
| The conducting unit of the nerve tissue is the | Neuron |
| A lubricating substance produced by goblet cells is called | Mucus |
| Which of the following contains intercalated disks? | cardiac |
| Stratified squamous (keratinized) epithelial cells are found in the | epidermis. |
| Which of the following is not a principal type of tissue? | Cardiac |
| The union of basal and fibroreticular laminae forms the | Basement Membrane |
| The very small bone that lies just posterior and lateral to each nasal bone is the | Lacrimal |
| Which two bones compose the shoulder girdle? | Clavicle and Scapular |
| If you are working on an archeological dig and find the remains of a human pelvis with a subpubic angle of 110 degrees, you can assume that this pelvis belongs to a | Female |
| Fibrocartilage can be found in the | Symphysis Pubis |
| The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the | Pubic Symphysis |
| The bone that claims the distinction of being the only bone in the body that articulates with no other bones is the | Hyoid |
| _____ fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerous in fibrocartilage. | Collagenous |
| Of the five metacarpal bones that form the framework of the hand, the _____ metacarpal forms the most freely movable joint with the carpal bones. | Thumb |
| Compact bone contains many cylinder-shaped structural units called | Osteons |
| Anatomically speaking, which bones compose the wrist? | Carpals |
| What structures normally hold the foot bones firmly in their arched positions? | Ligaments and Tendons |
| Which bone is the longest and heaviest bone in the body? | Femur |
| Which lower leg bone is smaller and is located laterally? | fibula |
| Spongy bone is characterized by | open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures. |
| The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the | Periosteum |
| The human skeleton system consists of two divisions. They are | Axial and Appendicular |
| The bone that articulates with the temporal bone in the only movable joint of the skull is the | Mandible |
| Why are the last two pairs of false ribs designated as floating ribs? | Do not attach to the sternum |
| Which bone serves as the keystone in the architecture of the cranium? | Sphenoid |
| Which of these pelvic bones is the most anteriorly placed? | Pubis |
| The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the | Patella |
| Which two bones join to form the posterior part of the hard palate? | Palatine |
| Which two bones join to form the posterior part of the hard palate? | Connective |
| Which of the following bones form the framework of the hand? | Metacarpals |
| Anteriorly, each rib of the first seven pairs attaches to the | Sternum |
| Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? | Fontanels |
| The vertebral bones that support the small (lower section) of the back are the | Lumbar Vertebra |
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beccabordeaux
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