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TTMIK level 1
all of ttmik
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 안녕하세요 | hello |
| 안녕 | well-being, peace, health |
| 하세요 | you do, do you?, please do |
| 존댓말 | polite language |
| 감사합니다. | thank you |
| 감사 | appreciation, thankfulness, gratitude |
| 합니다 | I do, I am doing |
| 네 | That is right. / I agree. / Sounds good. / What you said is correct. |
| 아니요 | That is not right. / I do not agree. / What you said is not correct. |
| 커피 좋아해요? | Do you like coffee? |
| 네. 커피좋아해요 | Yes, I like coffee. |
| 아니요. 커피 안 좋아해요. | No, I don’t like coffee. |
| 커피 안 좋아해요? | You don’t like coffee? |
| 아니요. 커피 좋아해요. | Yes (아니요 in Korean), I like coffee. |
| 네. 커피 안 좋아해요. | No (네 in Korean), I don’t like coffee. |
| 네, 맞아요. | yes thats right. |
| 네? | pardon me?/what did you say?/i did not hear you well. |
| 안녕히 계세요. | If you are leaving and the other person is (or the other people are) staying |
| 안녕히 가세요. | If you are staying, and the other person is (or the other people are) leaving |
| 죄송 | “apology”, “being sorry”, or “feeling ashamed” |
| 죄송합니다. | im sorry |
| 저기요. | Excuse me |
| you can use 저기요 only when... | when you want to get someone’s attention and talk to them or let them know something; when you want to call the waiter in a restaurant or a cafe to order something. |
| 잠시만요 | just a second |
| 잠깐만요 | just a second |
| -이에요 | similar role to the english verb "to be" |
| -예요 | similar role to the english verb "to be" |
| 물이에요. | it is water |
| 물 | water |
| 가방 | bag |
| 가방이에요. | it is a bag |
| 사무실 | an office |
| 사무실이에요. | it is an office |
| 학교 | school |
| 학교예요. | it is a school |
| 저예요 | it is me |
| 물이에요? | is it water? |
| 학생이에요? | are you a student? |
| 학교예요? | Is it a school? / Are you at school now? |
| 뭐 | what |
| 뭐예요? | What is it? |
| 이거 | this, this one |
| 것 | thing |
| 책 | book |
| 책이에요. | it is a book. |
| 이거 책이에요. | this is a book. |
| 카메라 | camera |
| 카메라예요 | it is a camera. |
| 이거 카메라예요 | this is a camera |
| 커피 | coffee |
| 커피예요. | it is coffee |
| 이거 커피예요. | this is coffee |
| 사전 | dictionary |
| 사전이에요 | it is a dictionary |
| 이거 사전이에요. | this is a dictionary |
| 이거 뭐예요? | what is this? |
| 마이크 | microphone |
| 이거 마이크예요 | this is a microphone |
| 핸드폰 | cellphone |
| 이거 핸드폰이에요. | this is a cellphone |
| 이거 물이에요 | this is water |
| 아니요. 이거 물이에요. | no, this is water. |
| 네. 맞아요. 이거 커피예요 | yes thats right. this is coffee. |
| 이 | this (near you) |
| 이 커피 | this coffee |
| 컴퓨터 | computer |
| 이 컴퓨터 | this computer |
| 아이스크림 | ice cream |
| 이 아이스크림 | this icecream |
| 호텔 | hotel |
| 이 호텔 | this hotel |
| 택시 | taxi |
| 이 택시 | this taxi |
| 버스 | bus |
| 이 버스 | this bus |
| 이 카메라 | this camera |
| 이 피자 | this pizza |
| 피자 | pizza |
| 저 | that (over there) or "i" in formal korean. |
| 저 마이크 | that microphone over there |
| 테이블 | table |
| 저 테이블 | that table over there |
| 레스토랑 | restaurant |
| 저 레스토랑 | that restaurant over there |
| 그 | the/that (near the other person) |
| 그거 | the thing, the item, that one, it |
| 저거 | that thing over there |
| 사람 | person |
| 이 사람 | this person, this man here, this lady here, he, she |
| 그 사람 | the person, that person, he, she |
| 저 사람 | that person over there, he, she |
| 아니에요 | to be not, it is not, you are not |
| 저 아니에요. | it is not me |
| 우유 | milk |
| 우유 아니에요. | it is not milk |
| 물 아니에요. | it is not water |
| 이거 우유 아니에요. | this is not milk. |
| 학생 | student |
| 저 학생 아니에요. | i am not a student |
| 술 | liquor |
| 저거 술 아니에요. | that is not liquor |
| 고양이 | cat |
| 그거 고양이 아니에요. | it is not a cat |
| 호랑이 | tiger |
| 그거 호랑이 아니에요. | it is not a tiger |
| -은/는 | topic marking particles |
| 저는 학생이에요. | As for me, I am a student. / I am a student. |
| 내일은 저는 일해요. | As for tomorrow, I work. |
| 내일 | tomorrow |
| 일하다 | to work |
| -이/가 | subject marking particles |
| 사과 | apple |
| 이거 사과예요. | this is an apple. |
| 이거는 사과예요 | (The other things are not apples, but) THIS is an apple. |
| 이거는 물이에요. | THIS ONE, it is water. |
| 오렌지주스 | orange juice |
| 이거는 오렌지주스예요. | And THIS ONE, it is different again, it is orange juice. |
| 이거는 뭐예요? | and as for this one, what is it? |
| 날씨 | weather |
| 오늘 | today |
| 오늘 날씨 좋네요 | the weather is good today. |
| 오늘은 날씨 좋네요. | The weather (has not been so good lately, but) today (it) is good. |
| 오늘 날씨는 좋네요. | Today (everything else is not good, but at least) the weather is good. |
| 좋다 | to be good |
| 뭐가 좋아요? | WHAT is good? |
| 이 책은 좋아요. | (The other books are not good, and I do not care about the other books, but at least) This book is good. |
| 이 책이 좋아요. | There are no other books as good as this one. |
| 있다 | exists |
| 있어요 | to have |
| 없어요 | to not have |
| 없다 | to not exist |
| 물 있어요. | There is water. / Water exists. / I have water. / They have water. |
| 물 있어요? | Is there water? / Do you have water? / Do they have water? |
| 친구 | friends |
| 친구 있어요. | I have friends. / I have a friend. / There are friends. |
| 친구 있어요? | Do you have friends? / Do they have friends? |
| 시간 | time |
| 시간 있어요. | There is time. / I have time. / They have time. |
| 시간 있어요? | Is there time? / Do you have time? / Do they have time? |
| 물 없어요 | There is no water. / I do not have water. / They do not have water. |
| 친구 없어요. | i do not have friends. |
| 시간 없어요. | There is no time. / I do not have time. / We do not have time. |
| 재미 | fun |
| 재미있어요 | “fun exists”/ “it is interesting”. |
| 오렌지 있어요. | I have an orange. / There are oranges. / They have some oranges. |
| 오렌지 없어요. | I do not have an orange. / There is no orange. |
| 사과 있어요. | I have an apple. / There are some apples. |
| 사과 있어요? | Do you have an apple? / Do you have apples? |
| 사과 없어요? | You do not have an apple? / There are no apples? |
| 시간 있어요? | Do you have some time? |
| 시간 없어요? | You do not have time? |
| 커피 있어요? | Do you have coffee? |
| 커피 없어요? | Don’t you have coffee? / You do not have coffee? |
| 돈 | money |
| 돈 있어요? | Do you have money? |
| 돈 없어요? | You do not have money? |
| 주세요 | Please give me |
| 주다 | to give |
| 돈 주세요. | please give me some money. |
| 맥주 | beer |
| 맥주 주세요. | please give me a beer. |
| 장갑 | (a pair of) gloves |
| 장갑 주세요. | Please give me (a pair of) gloves. |
| 사과 주세요. | Give me (an/some) apple(s). |
| 우유 주세요. | Give me some milk, please. |
| 아이스크림 주세요 | Please give me some ice cream. |
| 햄버거 | hamburger |
| 햄버거 주세요. | Please give me a hamburger. |
| 김치 | kimchi |
| 불고기 | bulgogi |
| 밥 | rice |
| 김치 주세요. | please give me some kimchi |
| 불고기 주세요. | Please give me some bulgogi. |
| 밥 주세요 | Please give me rice. / Please give me food. |
| 김밥 | kimbap |
| 김밥 주세요. | Kimbap, please. |
| 맛 | taste |
| 맛있어요 | It is tasty. / It is delicious. |
| 이거 맛있어요 | This is delicious. |
| 저 케이크 맛있어요 | That cake is delicious. |
| 케이크 | cake |
| 삼겹살 | pork belly |
| 삼겹살 맛있어요. | Samgyupsal (pork belly) is delicious. |
| 치킨 | chicken |
| 치킨 맛있어요. | Chicken is delicious. |
| 뭐가 맛있어요? | What is delicious? |
| 맛없어요 | It is not tasty. / It is not delicious. / It tastes awful. |
| 이거 맛없어요? | Does this taste awful? |
| 차 | tea |
| 이 차 맛없어요. | This tea tastes awful. |
| 굴 | oysters |
| 굴 맛없어요. | Oysters taste awful. |
| 잘 먹겠습니다. | "I am going to eat well” or “I will eat well.” |
| 잘 먹을게! | implies that you are thanking someone because they are going to treat you by buying you food. (informally) |
| 잘 먹었습니다. | I have eaten well. |
| 가다 | to go |
| 보다 | to see |
| 먹다 | to eat |
| -고 싶어요 | i want to... |
| 가고 싶어요. | i want to go |
| 보고 싶어요. | I want to see/look/watch. |
| 먹고 싶어요. | i want to eat |
| 뭐 먹고 싶어요? | What do you want to eat? |
| 햄버거 먹고 싶어요. | I want to eat a hamburger. |
| 회 | sliced raw fish |
| 회 먹고 싶어요. | i want to eat raw fish |
| 더 | more |
| 더 먹고 싶어요. | i want to eat more |
| 더 주세요. | please give me more |
| 하다 | to do |
| 사다 | to buy |
| 마시다 | to drink |
| 하고 싶어요 | i want to do... |
| 사고 싶어요 | i want to buy... |
| 마시고 싶어요 | i want to drink... |
| 뭐 하고 싶어요? | What do you want to do? |
| 텔레비전 | tv |
| 텔레비전 보고 싶어요. | i want to watch tv |
| 텔레비전 보고 싶어요? | you want to watch tv? |
| 뭐 보고 싶어요? | what do you want to watch? |
| 뉴스 | news |
| 뉴스 보고 싶어요. | i want to watch the news. |
| 이거 사고 싶어요. | i want to buy this |
| 이거요? | this one? |
| 네. 이거 먹고 싶어요. | Yeah. I want to eat this. |
| 이거 김밥이에요. | this is kimbap |
| 읽다 | to read |
| 읽고 싶어요 | i want to read |
| 자다 | to sleep |
| 자고 싶어요 | I want to sleep. |
| 놀다 | to hang out, to play |
| 놀고 싶어요 | i want to play |
| 쉬다 | to rest |
| 쉬고 싶어요 | i want to rest |
| 일하고 싶어요 | i want to work |
| 영화 | movie |
| 영화 보다 | to watch a movie |
| 영화 보고 싶어요. | i want to watch a movie |
| 김밥 먹고 싶어요. | I want to eat kimbap. |
| 일 (numbers) | 1 (sino) |
| 이 (numbers) | 2 (sino) |
| 삼 (numbers) | 3 (sino) |
| 사 (numbers) | 4 (sino) |
| 영 (numbers) | 0 (sino) |
| 숫자 | numbers |
| 오 (numbers) | 5 (sino) |
| 륙 / 육 ( numbers) | 6 (sino) |
| 칠 (numbers) | 7 (sino) |
| 팔 (numbers) | 8 (sino) |
| 구 (numbers) | 9 (sino) |
| 십 (numbers) | 10 (sino) |
| 십일 (numbers) | 11 (sino) |
| 삼십삼 (numbers) | 33 (sino) |
| 백 (numbers) | 100 (sino) |
| 천 (numbers) | 1000 (sino) |
| 때리다 | to hit |
| 웃다 | to laugh |
| 아요 | If the verb stem’s last vowel is ㅏor ㅗ it is followed by 아요 |
| 어요 | If the last vowel is NOT ㅏor ㅗ it is followed by 어요 |
| 여요 | Only one verb stem, which is 하, is followed by 여요 |
| 가요 | I go. / You go. / He goes. / She goes. / They go. |
| 먹어요 | I eat. / You eat. / He eats. / etc. |
| 봐요 | I see. / I look. / I watch. / You look. / etc. |
| 보이다 | to be seen, to be visible |
| 보여요 | I see it. / It is visible. |
| 공부 | studying |
| 공부하다 | to study |
| 청소 | cleaning (the room) |
| 청소하다 | to clean |
| 요리 | cooking |
| 요리하다 | to cook |
| -았어요 | Verb stems ending with vowels ㅗ or ㅏ are followed by -았어요 |
| -었어요 | Verb stems ending with vowels other than ㅗ or ㅏ are followed by -었어요 |
| -였어요 | Verb stem 하 is followed by -였어요 |
| 샀어요 | I bought / you bought / s/he bought / they bought |
| 오다 | to come |
| 왔어요 | I came / you came / s/he came / they came / we came |
| 적다 | to write down |
| 적었어요 | I wrote / you wrote / s/he wrote / they wrote / we wrote / etc. |
| 했어요 | I did / you did / he did / they did / etc. |
| 팔다 | to sell |
| 잡다 | to catch |
| 쓰다 | to write, to use |
| 기다리다 | to wait |
| 이상하다 | to be strange |
| 멋있다 | to be cool |
| 어디 | where, which place |
| 어디 가고 싶어요? | Where do you want to go? |
| -에 | at, to, in |
| 갔어요 | i went to |
| 학교에 갔어요. | i went to school |
| 한국에 왔어요. | i came to korea |
| 어디에 가고 싶어요? | where do you want to go? |
| 어디에 있어요? | where are you? |
| 지금 | now |
| 지금 어디에 있어요? | where are you now? |
| 어디에 있어요 지금? | where are you now |
| -에서 | at, in, from |
| -에서 expresses: | -에서 expresses: (1) a location where an action is taking place (2) the meaning of “from” a place |
| 사무실에 | to the office, to an office, to my office |
| 사무실에서 | from the office, from an office, from my office |
| 집 | house |
| 집에 있어요. | I am at home. |
| 집에 가요. | I am going home. |
| 사무실에 있어요 | I am at the office. |
| 집에서 일해요. | I work at home. |
| 집에서 뭐 해요? | What are you doing at home? |
| 사무실에서 일해요. | I work at the office. |
| 있었어요 | was / to have been |
| 봤어요 | saw / to have seen |
| 언제 | when |
| 언제 했어요? | When did you do it? |
| 도착하다 | to arrive |
| 도착했어요 | you arrived |
| 도착했어요? | did you arrive? |
| 언제 도착했어요? | When did you arrive? |
| 언제 왔어요? | When did you come? |
| 일어나다 | to get up |
| 일어나요 | you get up |
| 일어나요? | do you get up? |
| 언제 일어나요? | When do you get up? |
| 아침 | morning |
| 아침에 | in the morning |
| 아침에 언제 일어나요? | In the morning, when do you get up? |
| 몇 시에 | at what time |
| 아침에 몇 시에 일어나요? | What time do you get up in the morning? |
| 아까 | earlier (today), a while ago (today) |
| 나중에 | later |
| 어제 | yesterday |
| 만 (numbers) | 10,000 (sino) |
| 하나 (numbers) | 1 (native) |
| 둘 (numbers) | 2 (native) |
| 넷 (numbers) | 4 (native) |
| 셋 (numbers) | 3 native |
| 다섯 (numbers) | 5 (native) |
| 여섯 (numbers) | 6 (native) |
| 일곱 (numbers) | 7 (native) |
| 여덟 (numbers) | 8 (native) |
| 아홉 (numbers) | 9 (native) |
| 열 (numbers) | 10 (native) |
| 열하나 (numbers) | 11 (native) |
| 스물 (numbers) | 20 (native) |
| 서른 (numbers) | 30 (native) |
| 마흔 (numbers) | 40 (native) |
| 쉰 (numbers) | 50 (native) |
| 예순 (numbers) | 60 (native) |
| 일흔 (numbers) | 70 (native) |
| 여든 (numbers) | 80 (native) |
| 아흔 (numbers) | 90 (native) |
| 백하나 (numbers) | 101 (native) |
| 이백다섯 | 205 (native) |
| 스무 살 (age) | 20 years old |
| 스물한 살 (age) | 21 years old |
| 쉰네 살 (age) | 54 years old |
| 열 살이에요. | i am ten years old |
| 서른 살이에요. | i am thirty years old |
| 안- | use 안- before a verb to create negative sentences |
| 집에 안 가요. | I am NOT going home. / I DO NOT go home. |
| 집에 안 가요? | You are NOT going home? / You DO NOT go home? |
| 버리다 | to throw away |
| 그거 버렸어요. | i threw it away |
| 그거 안 버렸어요. | I DID NOT throw it away. |
| 그거 아직 안 버렸어요. | I DID NOT throw it away yet. |
| -지 않아요 | present tense of -지 않다 which is used to make negative verbs/sentences |
| -지 않았어요 | past tense of -지 않다 which is used to make negative verbs/sentences |
| 가지 않아요 | I DO NOT go. / I am NOT going. |
| 가지 않았어요 | i did not go |
| 버리지 않다 | to not throw away |
| -지 않다 | used to make a verb negative |
| 버리지 않아요 | I DO NOT throw it away. |
| 버리지 않았어요 | I DID NOT throw it away. |
| 아파요? | does it hurt? |
| 안 아파요. | it does not hurt. |
| 안 아파요? 진짜 안 아파요? | It does not hurt? It really does not hurt? |
| 안 먹어요? | You are not going to eat? |
| 안 먹어요! | i am not eating! |
| 정말 안 먹어요? 맛있어요! | You are really not going to eat? It is delicious |
| 안 먹어요. 배 안 고파요 | I am not eating. I am not hungry. |
| 이거 매워요? | is this spicy? |
| 아니요. 안 매워요. | no. its not spicy |
| 진짜 | really |
| 진짜 안 매워요? | It is really not spicy? |
| 알다 | to know |
| 모르다 | to not know |
| 공부해요 | present tense of studying. i study. |
| 공부했어요 | past tense of studying. i studied |
| 일 (noun) | work, job |
| 일해요 | present tense. i work. |
| 일했어요 | past tense. i worked. |
| 기억 | memory |
| 기억하다 | to remember |
| 기억해요 | present tense. i remember. |
| 기억했어요 | past tense. i remembered. |
| 청소해요 | present tense. i clean. |
| 청소했어요 | past tense. i cleaned. |
| 요리해요 | present tense. i cook. |
| 요리했어요 | past tense. i cooked. |
| 이사 | moving |
| 이사하다 | to move, to move into a different house |
| 이사해요 | present tense. i move. |
| 이사했어요 | past tense. i moved. |
| 노래 | song |
| 노래하다 | to sing |
| 노래해요 | present tense. i sing |
| 노래했어요 | past tense. i sang. |
| 노력 | effort |
| 노력하다 | to make an effort, to try hard |
| 노력해요 | present tense. i make an effort. |
| 노력했어요 | past tense. i made an effort. |
| 동의 | agreement, agreeing |
| 동의하다 | to agree |
| 동의해요 | present tense. i agree. |
| 동의했어요 | past tense. i agreed. |
| 인정 | admitting, acknowledgement |
| 인정하다 | to admit |
| 인정해요 | present tense. i admit. |
| 인정했어요 | past tense. i admitted. |
| 후회 | regret |
| 후회하다 | to regret |
| 후회해요 | present tense. i regret. |
| 후회했어요 | past tense. i regretted. |
| 운동 | exercise |
| 운동하다 | to exercise, to work out |
| 운동해요 | present tense. i exercise. |
| 운동했어요 | past tense. i exercised. |
| 사랑 | love |
| 사랑하다 | to love |
| 사랑해요 | present tense. i love. |
| 사랑했어요 | past tense. i loved. |
| 말 | words, language |
| 말하다 | to speak |
| 말해요 | present tense. i speak. |
| 말했어요 | past tense. i spoke. |
| 생각 | thought, idea |
| 생각하다 | to think |
| 생각해요 | present tense. i think. |
| 생각했어요 | past tense. i thought. |
| 생각 안 하다 | to not think |
| 노력 안 하다 | to not make an effort |
| 누구 | who |
| 누구예요? | who is it? |
| 누가 제인이에요? | (Among these people, none other than) WHO is Jane? |
| 누가 했어요? | who did it? |
| 누가 전화했어요? | who called? |
| 이거 누구예요? | Who is this? (This is who?) |
| 어제 누가 왔어요? | Who came yesterday? |
| 그거 누가 만들었어요? | Who made that? |
| 누가 샀어요? | who bought it? |
| 어떻게 | how |
| 왜 | why |
| 얼마 | how much (money) |
| 얼마나 | How + adjective/adverb |
| 어떻게 찾았어요? | how did you find it? |
| 찾다 | to find, to look for |
| 어떻게 왔어요? | how did you get here? |
| 왜 전화했어요? | why did you call? |
| 전화하다 | to call |
| 왜 안 왔어요? | why didnt you come? |
| 얼마예요? | how much is it? |
| 이거 얼마예요? | how much is this? |
| 저거 얼마예요? | how much is that? |
| 그거 얼마예요? | How much is the thing that is near you but far from me? |
| 내다 | to pay |
| 얼마 냈어요? | How much did you pay? |
| 얼마나 자주 와요? | How often do you come? |
| 자주 | often |
| 얼마나 커요? | how big is it? |
| 크다 | to be big |
| 얼마나 무거워요? | How heavy is it? |
| 무겁다 | to be heavy |
| -에서 | from |
| -부터 | from |
| -까지 | to or until |
| 서울에서 | from Seoul to another place |
| 서울부터 | “starting from Seoul” |
| 지금부터 | from now |
| 지금에서 (x) | from now |
| 어제부터 | from (or since) yesterday |
| 어제에서 (x) | from (or since) yesterday |
| 서울까지 | (From somewhere else) to Seoul |
| 지금까지 | until now |
| 내일까지 | Until tomorrow |
| 언제까지 | until when |
| 여기에서 저기까지 | From here to there |
| 여기부터 저기까지 | From here to there |
| 머리부터 발끝까지 | from head to toe |
| 머리에서 발끝까지 | from head to toe |
| 서울에서 부산까지 | From Seoul to Busan |
| 서울부터 부산까지 | From Seoul to Busan |
| 아침부터 저녁까지 | from morning until evening |
| 아침에서 저녁까지 (x) | from morning until evening |
Created by:
sugaswag
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