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glaciation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cirque glacier | a glacier occupying a hollow bowl-like area which is usually smaller and found at higher altitudes |
| valley glacier | a cirque glacier which has begun to flow down through a valley |
| piedmont glaciers | valley glaciers which have flowed down the entire valley and have begun to stretch out on flat land |
| continental glacier | a glacier covering a large mass of land eg) Antartica |
| basal slip | where a glacier simply slides across the rock at its base |
| plastic flow | is when the ice bends and flows over uneven rock surface beneath it, occurring where . The weight of the glacier creates horizontal layers and the upper and middle layers of the glacier move faster than the bottom layer, which is slowed down by friction. |
| plucking | the tearing away of blocks of rock that have become frozen onto the base and sides of glacier |
| abrasion | the friction of the glacier's load and the ice against the bedrock |
| nivation | the process of freeze-thaw action under the snow which weakens the rock and enlargens a hollow |
| firn | layers of snow compressed by additional layers which become a glacier |
| bergschrund | a deep crevasse formed when a glaciers moves forward and part of it remains and it breaks apart |
| rotational slide | when ice moves forward, it twists around a central point |
| tarn | a lake which forms in a small hollow in the side of a valley |
| pyramidal peaks | when three or more cirques meet at a mountain summit, their back walls form a steep-sided pyramidal shaped feature |
| u-shaped valleys | well developed glacial valleys |
| truncated spurs | formed when a glacier erodes the heads of interlocking spurs |
| hanging valleys | smaller u-shaped valleys formed by tributary glaciers |
| glacial stairway | a valley which descends in sudden drops |
| rock basins | hollows in the rock formed by differential erosion which are filled with water |
| paternoster lakes | successive rock basins all linked by a stream of water which flows through the valley |
| fjord | a glacial valley which has become flooded by the sea |
| morraines | materials transported by a glacier |
| drumlin | small oval-shaped hills of till or boulder clay formed over the course of two ice-ages |
Created by:
serrraphina
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