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Classification vocab

Classification Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Organism An individual form of life, such as a plant, animal, bacterium, protist, or fungus; a body made up of organs, organelles, or other parts that work together to carry on the various processes of life.
Classification in biology, the establishment of a hierarchical system of categories on the basis of presumed natural relationships among organisms. The science of biological classification is commonly called taxonomy
Cell a mass of cytoplasm that is bound externally by a cell membrane. Cells are the smallest structural units of living matter and compose all living things. Most cells have one or more nuclei and other organelles that carry out a variety of tasks.
Taxonomy the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms and includes all plants, animals and microorganisms of the world.
Unicellular made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism, while multicellular organisms use many different cells to function. Unicellular organisms include bacteria, protists, and yeast.
Binomial nomenclature a system of nomenclature in which each species of animal or plant receives a name of two terms of which the first identifies the genus to which it belongs and the second the species itself.
Multicellular are composed of more than one cell, with groups of cells differentiating to take on specialized functions.
Genus biological classification ranking between family and species, consisting of structurally or phylogenetically related species or a single isolated species exhibiting unusual differentiation (monotypic genus).
Metabolism the chemical reactions in the body's cells that change food into energy. Our bodies need this energy to do everything from moving to thinking to growing. Specific proteins in the body control the chemical reactions of metabolism.
Species a group of organisms that can reproduce naturally with one another and create fertile offspring.
Stimulus anything that makes an organism or a part of an organism react in some way. For example, for most plants, sunlight acts as a stimulus that causes (stimulates) them to grow or move toward it.
Prokaryote organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles.
Response any behavior of a living organism that results from an external or internal stimulus.
Eukaryote organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Development The series of changes which animal and vegetable organisms undergo in their passage from the embryonic state to maturity, from a lower to a higher state of organization.
Nucleus a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's chromosomes.
Asexual reproduction reproduction (as cell division, spore formation, fission, or budding) without union of individuals or gametes.
Evolution the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection.
Sexual reproduction Sexual reproduction occurs when the sperm from the male parent fertilizes an egg from the female parent, producing an offspring that is genetically different from both parents. 5 - 8. Biology, Genetics.
Branching tree diagram a set of groups within groups, with the organisms at the bottom having the fewest shared characteristics and the ones at the top having the most.
Spontaneous generation the hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter
Shared derived characteristics a characteristic or trait that two lineages share, which has evolved leading up to their clade.
Autotroph an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals.
Convergent evolution the process whereby distantly related organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar necessities.
Heterotroph an organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients.
Created by: Shox
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