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Pediatrics. Ch22.
Nursing Responsibilities in Medication Administration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What must a nurse do when medication is administered | Observe for toxic symptoms, Document responses, Calculate dosages |
| What is essential to ensure home compliance with medication | Parental teaching |
| What should parent teaching of medication administration include | Importance of administration and completion of treatment - Techniques for measuring, administering, documenting, and encouraging the child |
| What should not be used to measure medication in the home | Teaspoon |
| How are most pediatric doses calculated and prescribed | Mg/kg/day |
| What is the most accurate method of calculating drug dosages | Body Surface Area (BSA) |
| What is used to calculate the BSA of a child | Nomogram |
| How is a nomogram used | A line is drawn between the height on the left side and the weight on the right side. The point where the line intersects the SA is the BSA |
| What can be used to calculate the BSA of an average sized child | Weight only |
| What is the Alternative/Mosteller’s formula for calculating BSA | √((height in cm X weight in kg)/3600) |
| What is an average adult BSA | 1.7 m^2 |
| How can a child’s dose of medication be calculated based on BSA and the adult dosage | ((Child’s BSA / Adult’s BSA) X Average adult dose) = Child’s dose |
| Why is there no average dose in pediatrics | Child’s weight & Metabolism and excretion vary |
| If a physician’s order seems to be dosed incorrectly, what should the nurse do | Tell the supervisor or call the physician |
| How can an infant be encouraged to open the mouth for medication | Depress the chin with the thumb |
| What is the recommended injection site for children | Vastus lateralus |
| Why are the gluteal muscles avoided as an injection site | Underdeveloped muscles and risk of sciatic nerve injury |
| How can a school aged child be encouraged to swallow a pill | Instruct to place at the back of the mouth and swallow water immediately |
| What should the adolescent be taught about medications | Side effects to report |
| What is the dimensional analysis formula | (Unit/Dosage on hand) X (Dosage wanted/Unit to give) |
| What drugs may require dosages to be double checked by another nurse | Digoxin/Lanoxin, Insulin, Heparin |
| What can make administration by mouth impossible for children | Malabsorption, Refusal, Vomiting |
| What do children under 5 have difficulty with | Swallowing |
| In what forms do most pediatric medications come | Liquid, Suspension, Chewable tablet |
| What kinds of tablets can be divided | Scored |
| What must be done with suspensions before administering | Shake |
| What can be used to disguise the taste of unpalatable medication | Cherry syrup, Jelly |
| Why is it not advised that nutritious foods be used for administration of medication | Child may develop a distaste for the food |
| What position should a child be in for medication administration | Head and shoulders elevated |
| How is a toddler positioned for medication administration | In the nurse’s lap, with hands held down |
| What is tested of a nasogastric tube before administering medication | Placement |
| What is administered after medication is given via a nasogastric tube | Water to cleanse the tube |
| Water in a nasogastric tube is documented where | I&O |
| What is placed on an infant before administering PO medications | Bib |
| Where is PO medication placed in an infant | midway back at the side of the mouth |
| What is a medibottle | A device that consists of a syringe attached to a nipple |
| What is a plastic medicine dropper intended to measure | The drug it comes with |
| Where does the nurse keep a medicine cart/tray | In sight at all times |
| ___ ml = 1 tsp | 5 |
| 5 ml = ___ tsp | 1 |
| Where are an infant’s legs placed during medication administration | Between the nurse’s legs |
| How are an infant’s arms positioned during medication administration | One behind the nurse’s back and the other restrained as the nurse hugs the child |
| What is documented in regards to medication administration of a child | MAR information, medication, time, route, dose |
Created by:
futurenurse
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