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Med Term Ch 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The blood functions | •Transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to body cells •Carries wastes and carbon dioxide away from the cells |
| chrom/o, chromat/o | color |
| lymphatic system: | • filters microorganisms and foreign particles from lymph •Maintains body’s internal fluid environment as an intermediary between blood capillaries and tissue cells •Carries fats away from digestive organs |
| blast/o | germ or bud |
| chyl/o | juice |
| immun/o | immune, resistant |
| lymph/o | clear fluid |
| reticul/o | a net |
| basophil | a granular leukocyte, named for the dark stain of its granules, that brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues (baso=base; phil= attraction for); Normal Range (in stained blood smear): 0-1% |
| neutrophil | a granular leukocyte, named for the neutral stain of its granules that fights infection by swallowing bacteria (phagocytosis) (neutr= neither) (phil=attraction for); Normal Range (in stained blood smear): 54-75% |
| eosinophil | a granular leukocyte, named for the rose-colored stain of its granules, that increases in allergic and some infectious reactions (eos=dawn-colored [rosy]; phil= attraction for); Normal Range (in stained blood smear): 1-3% |
| monocyte | an agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection (mono=one); Normal Range (in stained blood smear): 3-7% |
| lymphocyte | an agranulocytic leukocyte that is active in the process of immunity; the three categories of lymphocytes are T cells (thymus-dependent), B cells (bone marrow-derived), and natural killer (NK) cells; Normal Range (in stained blood smear): 25-33% |
| chyle | white or pale-yellow substance in lymph that contains fatty substances absorbed by the lacteals |
| lacteals | specialized lymph vessels in the small intestine that absorb fat into the bloodstream |
| antigen | a substance that, when introduced into the body, causes the formation of antibodies against it |
| active immunity | a long-lasting immunity that results from stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies; developed either naturally, in response to an infection, or artificially, in response to the administration of a vaccine |
| passive immunity | a short-lasting immunity that results from foreign antibodies that are conveyed either naturally, through the placenta to a fetus, or artificially, by injection of a serum containing antibodies |
| poikilocytosis | presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells |
| poikilo | irregular |
| anisocytosis | presence of red blood cells of unequal size (an = not, without; iso = equal) |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | a syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that renders immune cells ineffective |
| myelodysplasia | disorder within the bone marrow characterized by a proliferation of abnormal stem cells |
| mononucleosis | condition caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by an increase in mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in the blood |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate: a timed test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle through a volume of plasma |
| HGB or Hgb | hemoglobin test |
| PMN | polymorphonuclear (leukocyte) |
| RRR | relative risk reduction; regular rate and rhythm |
| blood indices | calculations of RBC, HGB, and HCT results to determine the average size, hemoglobin concentration, and content of red blood cells to classify an anemia |
| Antibody | substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body |
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