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waves
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| medium | matter through which waves travel |
| mechanical waves | waves that can travel through any matter of all three forms(solid, liquid, gas), require a medium |
| when waves propagate | they travel by the physical motion of particles |
| sound wave | kind of mechanical |
| electromagnetic waves | can travel through a vacuum/empty space. involve both an electrical and magnetic component |
| electrical and magnetic component | are perpendicular (at right angles) to each other as they travel through space |
| transverse wave | oscillates in a direction that is perpendicular (at a right angle to) the direction in which the wave is traveling |
| longitudinal wave | oscillates parallel to (in the same direction as) the direction in which the wave is moving |
| wavelength | the distance between any two identical points on a wave |
| amplitude | the maximum displacement of a wave particle from the midpoint between the crest and the trough. in other words, the height of a wave. |
| period | the amount of time required for a wave particle to complete one full cycle of its motion, from crest to crest (measured in seconds). |
| frequency | the number of wave crests that occur in a unit of time (measured in hertz). |
| hertz (Hz) | one hertz is equal to one peak (or cycle) per second |
| reflection | bounces off the surface at the same angle it hit with |
| absorbed | if the wave is only partially reflected, the leftover wave energy is absorbed |
| transmission | travels through the material at the same angle it entered with |
| rays | waves in the form of straight lines |
| behavior | Description of Wave Motion |
| refraction | travels through the material, but at an altered angle |