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Intro to bio 2

Bio 2 Lecture 1

QuestionAnswer
What are cells composed of? Nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates
Which cellular properties emerge when organizational hierarchy becomes more complex? Study of the plasma membrane -exchanging material with the environment
How do molecular interactions in cells promote living? Making changes through chemical reactions in the cell, known as metabolism
What are the 7 characteristics of life? Composed of cells, complex and oredered, energy use, stimuli, homeostatis, grow and reproduce, evolutionary adaptation
What are the 2 cell types and their differences? Theirs eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic doesn't have a membrane bound nucleus.
Increasing complexity resuts in.. the ability to do new things. For example grasping and holding are new properties resulting from the interactions between the body systems
What is the role of complexity in understanding life?
What happens when functional groups bond with hydrocarbon backbone? The structure becomes reactive when encountering other functional groups. So it can react with other molecules due to the functional group.
What are the 6 atoms that constiture organisms? NCHOPS: Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphous, Sulfure
What is a organic molecule? A carbon backbone
Organism are composed of ... molecules of organic molecules
What are biomolecules (macromolecules)? They're complex organic molecules
What do smaller molecules associate with? 1) Carbon-Hydrogen backbones 2) Functional groups
What are the effects of functional groups? 1) Gives the carbon backbone reactive properties 2) Allows reactions to occur between other molecules
What are the 7 functional groups? Recognize them :) 1) Hydroxyls (polar) 2) Carbonyl (polar) 3) Carboxyl (charged, acid like) 4) Amino (charged, base like) 5) Sulfhydryl (forms covalent bridges) 6) Phosphates (only the terminal phosphate is reactive) (charged, acid like) 7)Methyl (CH3) (non-polar)
What condition is needed for a functional group to react with another? Needs to be in an aqueous reaction
What are the 5 properties of water (wtr)? 1- Wtr liquid at room temp 2- Wtr=good solvent bc can dissociate to form ions 3- Wtr is cohesive and adhesive 4- Wtr has a high specific heat, takes lots of energy to raise/lower temp 5- Wtr has high heat of vaporization
What makes water polar and a universal solvent? Electronegativity that arises from the oxygen and hydrogen interactions. Oxygen has a 3.5 factor while hydrogen has a 2.1 factor.
What is dehydration synthesis? What does it cause? -See image- Its a rxn that removes wtr from the reactions, which builds molecules. Also known as condensation reaction.
What is hydrolysis? -See image- It adds water across a bond, which cause the bond between the subunit to split by the addition of H and OH.
Which is anabolic and catabolic: Hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis Hydrolysis is catabolic, meaning bonds are breaking and energy is released. Dehydration synthesis is anabolic, meaning bonds are added and energy is added.
Which reaction tend to be spontaneous? Anabolic (Energy needed)
Biomelecules are massive .... made from linking smaller ... OR ... together. Biomelecules are massive POLYMERS made from linking smaller SUBUNITS or MONOMERS together.
Does each category of biomolecules has a specific subunit/monomer? Yes, except lipids. Lipids do not consist of monomers except for neutral fats and phospholipids.
Where did life begin and explain how
What's the difference between organic molecules and bio-macromolecules?
Created by: Malayka
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