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Homeostasis

Homeostasis Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Receptor component in a homeostasis-maintaining system responsible for monitoring conditions in the body and detecting any abnormalities
Control Center component in a homeostasis-maintaining system responsible for processing negative feedback and sending out the appropriate hormones to communicate between the receptor and the effector
Effector component in a homeostasis-maintaining system responsible for producing the corrective mechanism to restore normal conditions in the body
Negative Feedback abnormalities or changes to the internal conditions which stimulate corrective mechanisms
Positive Feedback abnormalities or changes to the internal conditions which stimulate an increase in abnormal conditions
Hypothalamus small section of the forebrain responsible for many metabolic functions
Thermoregulation temperature homeostasis
Endotherms animals requiring a constant body temperature
Ectotherm animals having variable body temperatures
Epinephrine hormone, also called adrenaline, responsible for increasing blood circulation, breathing and metabolic rates
Vasodilation widening of blood vessels
Acetylcholine neurotransmitter responsible for regulating sweat
Norepinephrine hormone responsible for increasing heart rate, releasing glucose in the body, and increasing blood flow to skeletal muscle
Vasoconstriction shrinking of blood vessels
Arrector Pili Muscles muscles attached to the hair follicles on the skin
Extracellular Fluid all body fluid not in cells, includes plasma and tissue fluid
Hypercalcemia too much calcium in the blood
Renal Failure condition where the kidneys are no longer able to filter waste products from the blood
Hypocaclemia too little calcium in the blood
Parathyroid Glands small glands embedded in the thyroid responsible for raising the calcium level in blood
Osteoclasts large cells which release enzymes to break down the outer layer of bone
Calcitonin hormone produced by the thyroid responsible for reducing blood calcium levels
Insulin hormone created by the pancreas which stimulates cells to collect and use more glucose
Glycogen substance created to store glucose
Osmoregulation water homeostasis
Osmosis process of water going through a water-permeable membrane to make the ratio of solvent to solute even
Solutes substances which have dissolved
Hypertonic state of osmotic pressure when blood cells have more water than the surrounding fluid
Hypotonic state of osmotic pressure when blood cells have less water than the surrounding fluid
Isotonic state of osmotic pressure when the ratio of water to solute is the same in both the blood cell and the surrounding fluid
Osmolality concentration of solutes in a solution (such as blood)
Nephron series of tubules (small tubes) which act as the filtration system in the kidney
Pathogens organisms which cause disease, such as viruses and bacteria
Helper-T Cells cells responsible for regulating immune responses in the body
Neoplasms abnormal tissue growth, such as tumors
Platelets particles in blood which help to clot blood
White Blood Cells blood cells used by the immune system to fight diseases
Red Blood Cells cells which act as the main vehicle to get oxygen to the body tissue
Hyperpyrexia abnormally high body temperature, also called fever
Osteoblasts large cells which synthesize or rebuild bone
Created by: max.gray
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