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Pharmacology
Round 4 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of arrhythmias are often treated with Amiodarone? | Ventricular arrhythmias |
| Which common antiarrhythmic is known to cause thyroid disease as an adverse effect? | Amiodarone |
| What condition is characterized by a drop in platelet count after initiation treatment with Heparin? | HIT |
| What is a common complication or risk of HIT type 2? | Vascular thromboses |
| Which type of HIT, type I or type II, has higher incidence of developing vascular thromboses? | HIT type 2 |
| Which HIT, type 1 or 2, has a PC drop less than 100,000/mm3? | HIT type 2 |
| What is a common NSAID used to treat back pain? | Naproxen |
| What is the first line of treatment (drug class) of back pain? | NSAIDs |
| What are some common adverse effects of Phenytoin? | Gingival hyperplasia, megaloblastic anemia, SJS, and induction of the CYP450 system |
| What is the oral/buccal complication seen with Phenytoin therapy? | Gingival hyperplasia |
| Which antiepileptic medication is known to cause Gingival hyperplasia? | Phenytoin |
| What type of anemia is developed by chronic use of Phenytoin? | Megaloblastic anemia |
| MOA of Phenytoin: | Increase Sodium channel inactivation and decrease influx of Na+ across the neuronal membrane |
| Which channels are inactivated by Phenytoin? | Sodium channels |
| What are known antihypertensive to reverse microalbuminuria, halting diabetic nephropathy? | ACE inhibitors |
| What is the initial stage of Diabetic nephropathy? | Microalbuminuria |
| What is the range of microalbuminuria? | 30-300 mg albumin/24 hours |
| Which eating disorder is characterized by severe weight loss in a very thin person? | Anorexia nervosa |
| Which antidepressant is often contraindicated in people with Anorexia nervosa? | Bupropion |
| Why is Bupropion often avoided in people with Anorexia nervosa? | Increases seizure risk |
| Which antidepressant is known to cause seizures in anorexic patients? | Bupropion |
| How does Bupropion include seizures in an anorexic patient? | Decreases the seizure threshold |
| What is a common nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonists? | Varenicline |
| What Nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonist among those first line of treatment for nicotine dependence? | Varenicline |
| Two drugs used to treat nicotine addiction. | Varenicline and Bupropion |
| What NT is release using Varenicline or Bupropion in treating nicotine addiction? | Dopamine |
| What is the adverse effect of Warfarin therapy without a Heparin bridge? | Protein C and S short half-lives consumption lead to transient hypercoagulable state |
| What are the first line of treatment of Asthma? | Short-acting B2-receptor agonists |
| What are the tissue effects of Short acting B2-receptor agonists? | Relax bronchial smooth muscle |
| B2-reeceptors are coupled with what type of proteins? | Gs proteins |
| Activation of Gs proteins by B2-receptors leads to: | Active adenylyl cyclase, which leads to cAMP formation, and subsequent PKA activation |
| Which DM drugs are known to induce hypoglycemia? | Sulfonylureas |
| How do Sulfonylureas induce hypoglycemia? | Stimulating insulin release from B-cells |
| Sulfonylurea use -->> hypoglycemia ------>? | Seizures |
| What is the associated protein of CML? | BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase fusion protein |
| What monoclonal antibody is used to treat CML? | Imatinib |
| If the question indicates treatment of malignancy with Imatinib, what is the underlying malignancy? | CML |
| What protein function is blocked by Imatinib? | BCR-ALB tyrosine kinase fusion protein |
| What are the clinical effects of Serotonin syndrome? | Autonomic hyperactive with severe hypertension, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and fever |
| What is the most common combination of antidepressants that lead to Serotonin syndrome? | Serotonergic medication with MOA-inhibitors |
| What is a common MOA-inhibitor? | Phenelzine |
| What is a safe antidepressant used in people that tend to develop Serotonin syndrome? | Bupropion |
Created by:
rakomi
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