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Pharmacology

Round 4 Review

QuestionAnswer
What type of arrhythmias are often treated with Amiodarone? Ventricular arrhythmias
Which common antiarrhythmic is known to cause thyroid disease as an adverse effect? Amiodarone
What condition is characterized by a drop in platelet count after initiation treatment with Heparin? HIT
What is a common complication or risk of HIT type 2? Vascular thromboses
Which type of HIT, type I or type II, has higher incidence of developing vascular thromboses? HIT type 2
Which HIT, type 1 or 2, has a PC drop less than 100,000/mm3? HIT type 2
What is a common NSAID used to treat back pain? Naproxen
What is the first line of treatment (drug class) of back pain? NSAIDs
What are some common adverse effects of Phenytoin? Gingival hyperplasia, megaloblastic anemia, SJS, and induction of the CYP450 system
What is the oral/buccal complication seen with Phenytoin therapy? Gingival hyperplasia
Which antiepileptic medication is known to cause Gingival hyperplasia? Phenytoin
What type of anemia is developed by chronic use of Phenytoin? Megaloblastic anemia
MOA of Phenytoin: Increase Sodium channel inactivation and decrease influx of Na+ across the neuronal membrane
Which channels are inactivated by Phenytoin? Sodium channels
What are known antihypertensive to reverse microalbuminuria, halting diabetic nephropathy? ACE inhibitors
What is the initial stage of Diabetic nephropathy? Microalbuminuria
What is the range of microalbuminuria? 30-300 mg albumin/24 hours
Which eating disorder is characterized by severe weight loss in a very thin person? Anorexia nervosa
Which antidepressant is often contraindicated in people with Anorexia nervosa? Bupropion
Why is Bupropion often avoided in people with Anorexia nervosa? Increases seizure risk
Which antidepressant is known to cause seizures in anorexic patients? Bupropion
How does Bupropion include seizures in an anorexic patient? Decreases the seizure threshold
What is a common nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonists? Varenicline
What Nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonist among those first line of treatment for nicotine dependence? Varenicline
Two drugs used to treat nicotine addiction. Varenicline and Bupropion
What NT is release using Varenicline or Bupropion in treating nicotine addiction? Dopamine
What is the adverse effect of Warfarin therapy without a Heparin bridge? Protein C and S short half-lives consumption lead to transient hypercoagulable state
What are the first line of treatment of Asthma? Short-acting B2-receptor agonists
What are the tissue effects of Short acting B2-receptor agonists? Relax bronchial smooth muscle
B2-reeceptors are coupled with what type of proteins? Gs proteins
Activation of Gs proteins by B2-receptors leads to: Active adenylyl cyclase, which leads to cAMP formation, and subsequent PKA activation
Which DM drugs are known to induce hypoglycemia? Sulfonylureas
How do Sulfonylureas induce hypoglycemia? Stimulating insulin release from B-cells
Sulfonylurea use -->> hypoglycemia ------>? Seizures
What is the associated protein of CML? BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase fusion protein
What monoclonal antibody is used to treat CML? Imatinib
If the question indicates treatment of malignancy with Imatinib, what is the underlying malignancy? CML
What protein function is blocked by Imatinib? BCR-ALB tyrosine kinase fusion protein
What are the clinical effects of Serotonin syndrome? Autonomic hyperactive with severe hypertension, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and fever
What is the most common combination of antidepressants that lead to Serotonin syndrome? Serotonergic medication with MOA-inhibitors
What is a common MOA-inhibitor? Phenelzine
What is a safe antidepressant used in people that tend to develop Serotonin syndrome? Bupropion
Created by: rakomi
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