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Reproduction
Rubarts Quiz Practice
| Basic physical and functional unit of heredity | Gene |
| Genes are made up of this: | DNA |
| Contains the instructions an organism needs to develop | DNA |
| Thread-like molecules that carry hereditary information | Chromosomes |
| A gene represented with a capital letter. Ex. “R” | Dominant gene |
| Smallest structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms | Cell |
| Type of cell division resulting in two daughter cells having the same number and kind of chromosomes | Mitosis |
| Type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half | Meiosis |
| A gene represented with a lower-case letter. Ex. “r” | Recessive gene |
| The female gamete | Egg or Ovum |
| The male gamete | Sperm |
| This forms when a sperm cell enters an egg cell during fertilization. | Zygote |
| A female embryo has these chromosomes | Two X chromosomes (XX) |
| A male embryo has these chromosomes | An X and a Y chromosome (XY) |
| List the 5 types of asexual reproduction | Binary Fission, Budding, Fragmentation, Regeneration, Vegetative Reproduction |
| Chromosomes are made of ______ and _____ | Protein and 1 molecule of DNA |
| What is produced by mitosis? | 2 diploid cells, with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell |
| What is produced by meiosis | 4 haploid cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell |
| Each gamete contains ____ chromosomes. | 23 |
| Strawberries asexually reproduce by_________ | vegetative reproduction |
| A starfish reproduces by ________ | regeneration |
| Advantages of asexual reproduction | It produces many offspring with little energy, it is quick, and it works well for organisms that cannot move to find a mate. |
| Disadvantages of asexual reproduction | It reproduces bad genes, the offspring share the same weaknesses, and it cannot quickly adapt to survive |
| Advantages of sexual reproduction | It removes bad genes, the offspring don’t always have the same weaknesses of the parent, variations allow the organism to adapt and survive |
| Disadvantages of sexual reproduction | It produces fewer offspring. It takes longer, the parent must find a mate, and favorable genes may not be passed on to offspring. |
| What does sickle cell anemia affect? | The hemoglobin that helps red blood cells carry oxygen to the body |
| Binary fission | ✸Common in prokaryotes (organisms with no nucleus) ✸Occurs in some single-celled eukaryotes (with a nucleus) ✸Fully grown parent cell splits into two halves, producing two new cells. |
| Budding | Offspring grows from the body of the parent. |
| Fragmentation | ✸Body of parent breaks into pieces ✸Each piece can produce and offspring |
| Regeneration | ✸A form of fragmentation.✸If a piece of a parent is detached, it can grow and develop into a completely new offspring. |
| What is one organism that reproduces both sexually and asexually? | A strawberry plant |
| Produces cells identical to the parent cell | Mitosis |
| Produces sex cells (gametes) - ova and sperm | Meiosis |
| Process of sexual reproduction | Meiosis produces sperm and ova Sperm moves towards an ova. Sperm and ova fuse to form a zygote. A zygote divides by mitosis. Offspring is fully developed. |
| Traits of dominant genes are _______ __________. | Always expressed (seen) |
| Traits of recessive genes are ________ _________. | Sometimes hidden |
| Traits of recessive genes are expressed when _____ | Both genes are recessive. Ex: "rr" |
Created by:
judi829
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