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Chapter 3
Musculoskeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| brachi/o | arm |
| crani/o | skull |
| fibr/o | fiber |
| lumb/o | loin (lower back) |
| oste/o | bone |
| rhabd/o | rod-shaped or striated (skeletal) |
| stern/o | sternum (breastbone) |
| thorac/o | chest |
| appendicular skeleton | bones of the shoulder, girdle, pelvis, and limbs (arms and legs) |
| spongy bone | mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity; also called cancellous bone |
| flat bones | thin flattened bones of the ribs, shoulder blades (scapulae), pelvis and skull |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| bone marrow | soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones |
| periosteum | a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone |
| bursa | the fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones that is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid |
| ligament | a flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone |
| muscle | tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body |
| cardiac muscle | muscle of the heart |
| fascia | a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports and separates muscle |
| frontal plane | vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior)) portions; also called coronal plane |
| posterior (P) | back of the body; also called dorsal |
| superior | situated above another structure, toward the head; also called cephalic |
| proximal | toward the beginning or origin of a structure; for example the distal aspect of the femur (thigh bone) is the area at the end of the bone near the knee |
| axis | the imaginary line that runs through the center of the body or a body part |
| recumbant | lying down |
| extension | straightening the joint so that the angle between the bones is increased |
| eversion | turning outward, that is, of a foot |
| dorsiflexion | bending of the foot or the toes upward |
| crepitation | grating sound sometimes made by the movement of a joint or by broken bones; also called crepitus |
| hypertrophy | increase in the size of a tissue, such as muscle |
Created by:
ilsehartig
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