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TT2 Thyroid - NHCC
TT2 NHCC Thyroid
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of a hormone? | An active regulatory chemical substance formed in one part of the body and carried by the blood to another part of, where it signals the coordination of cellular functions. |
| What is the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland? | thyroid hormones. These are peptides containing iodine. The two most important hormones are tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine or T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are essential for life and have many effects on body metabolism, growth, and develop |
| Explain the functions of the thyroid hormones | T3 and T4 affect metabolic rate, caloric requirements, oxygen consumption, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, growth and development, brain functions, and nervous system activity. |
| What causes the thryroid to release T4 and T3? | Hypothalamus releases TRH to Pituitary gland. The pituitary gland releases TSH to the Thyroid stimulating it to release T4 and T3. When T4 or T3 levels are low in the body, a negative feedback loop is created and the anterior pituitary releases more TSH |
| What is the definition of Hypothyroidism? | A deficiency of thyroid hormone synthesis and circulation |
| What are the Causes of Hypothyroidism? | Auto-immune, Chemical, Congenital (cretinism) |
| What is the incidence of Hypothyroidism? | 5% of population, mostly female |
| What is the definition of Hyperthyroidism? | An excessive thyroid hormone synthesis. It is also known as thyrotoxicosis. |
| What is the Changes in function seen in hyperthyroidism? | Excessive amounts of thyroid hormone are secreted, increasing cellular metabolism to abnormal levels. This interferes with all body function, threatening the satisfaction of all basic human needs |
| What is the Changes in function seen in hypothyroidism? | Inadequate amounts of thyroid hormone are secreted, depressing cellular metabolism. This interferes with all body functions, threatening satisfaction of all human needs. |
| What are the causes of hyperthyroidism? | Graves disease (Autoimmune disorder. Associated with ↑ metabolic rate, Goiter, Exopthalamus), Goiter, Tumors |
| What are the signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism? | Hyper-metabolic rate, ↑ Oxygen consumption, ↑ Sympathetic stimulation |
| What are the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism? | Hypo-metabolic state, Myxedema, Mental slowness |
| What are the techniques used to assess the thyroid? | History, Inspection, Palpation (from behind) |
| What tests are done in a thyroid panel? | T3 uptake (TU), Total T3, total T4, FTI (T7 Free Thyroxine Index), TSH |
| What is the definition of FT4? | Unbound to protein |
| What is the definition of FT3? | Unbound to protein |
| What is the definition of FTI, T7? | T4 X T3 uptake ratio |
| What is the definition of TSH? | Stimulates release of T3 & T4 (and is regulated by T3 & T4)Single most sensitive test for primary hypothyroidism |
| What is the definition of Total T3? | Shorter effect than T4 |
| What is the definition of Total T4? | Thyroid hormone |
| What is the T4 test used for? | Dx of hyper or hypo |
| What is the T3 test used for? | Evaluate thyroid replacement therapy |
| What is the FTI, T7 test used for? | Dx |
| What is the TSH test used for? | Dx primary hypotension |
| What is the Total T3 test used for? | Dx hyperthyroidism |
| What is the Total T4 test used for? | Thyroid function, Used to rule out hypo or hyperthyroidism |
| What is the T3 uptake test used for? | Indicative of situations that result in elevated levels of TBG uptake |
| What is a Thyroid scan used for? | Looking for irregularities in shape, contour, size |
| What is a Thyroid antibodies (TA) (Serum) test used for? | Used to confirm the diagnosis of Graves’ disease (which is autoimmune hyperthyroidism) and in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (which is autoimmune hypothyroidism). |
| What is a RAI uptake – nuclear med scan used for? | Looking for hot & cold spots (increased and decreased activity). The test is looking for how well they thyroid takes up iodine. It is indicated to differentiate Graves’ disease from other forms of thyroiditis |
| How does the RAI uptake – nuclear med scan differentiate Graves’ disease from other forms of thyroiditis? | Graves’ disease will show 35-95% uptake, whereas the patient with thyroiditis will show an uptake of less than 2% |
| What is a Calcitonin test used for in relationship to the thyroid? | helps to regulate Ca & Phosphorus. Used most commonly to diagnose thyroid cancer. (Calcitonin is ↑ in thyroid cancer) |
| What will a Serum Cholesterol test tell you in relationship to the thyroid? | might be able to tell you how long the problem has been going on or the extent of the problem. (↑ in hypothyroidism, ↓ in hyperthyroidism. By the time the serum cholesterol is affected, the tyroid problem has been going on for a long time. |
| There is an ↑ Cardiac output with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is a ↓ BP with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is Weight gain (↑ fat deposits & edema) with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is ↑ BP with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is Weight loss with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is ↓ Cardiac output with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is Intolerance to cold with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is ↑ respirations with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is Heat intolerance with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is Slow, shallow respirations with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is Anorexia with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is ↑ Appetite with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is Warm, smooth skin with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| There is Skin cold, coarse, dry with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is Irregular, excessive menstruation due to ↓ progesterone with? | Hypothyroidism |
| There is Scanty or absent menstrual periods with? | Hyperthyroidism |
| What are the desired Goals for someone with hypothyroidism? | Experience relief of symptoms, Maintain euthyroid state, Maintain a positive self-image, Comply with lifelong thyroid replacement therapy |
| What are the desired Goals and for someone with hyerthyroidism? | Experience relief of symptoms, Have no serious complications related to the disease or treatment, Cooperate with the therapeutic plan |
| What are 3 medical interventions to treat hypothyroidism? | Drugs, diet and surgery |
| What are some nuring interventions to treat hypothyroidism? | Oxygen, GI, Nutrition, Skin/asepsis, Psychosocial, Fluid/Electrolytes, Safety, Activity |
| What are 3 medical interventions to treat hyperthyroidism? | Reduce level of thyroid hormone – Medication, Radioactive iodine, or surgery |
| What are some nuring interventions to treat hyperthyroidism? | Oxygen, GI,Nutrition, Skin/asepsis,Psychosocial,Fluid/Electrolytes, Safety, Activity, Peri-OP nursing care, Teaching, ABCs, Positioning, Communication, Safety, Parathyroid dysfunction (sever hypocalcemia could result), Follow up care |
Created by:
2007Nurse
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