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Plant Classification
Plant characteristics, classification, structures, responses
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose |
| chloroplast | Site of photosynthesis |
| vacuole | Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates |
| cuticle | waxy, waterproof layer that helps hold in moisture |
| vascular tissue | a system of tube-like structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move |
| nonvascular plants | low-growing, have thin cell walls, and do not have roots for absorbing water from the ground |
| rhizoids | thin, rootlike structure that anchors a moss and absorbs water and nutrients. |
| vascular plants | plants with true vascular tissue |
| phloem | The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants |
| xylem | vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant |
| pollen | tiny structures that contain the cells that will later become sperm cells |
| seed | a structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering |
| gymnosperm | a seed plant that produces naked seeds |
| angiosperm | produce flowers; produce seeds that are enclosed in fruits |
| roots | anchor the plant in the ground, absorb water and minerals from soil, and sometimes store food |
| stem | carries substances between the plant's roots and leaves; provides support |
| xylem | vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant |
| phloem | The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants |
| leaves | capture the sun's energy and carry out the food-making process of photosynthesis |
| stomata | small openings on the underside of the leaf, through gases enter and leave the leaf |
| transpiration | process by which water evaporates from a plant's leaves |
| seed | structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering |
| embryo | young plant, that has beginnings of roots, stems and leaves. |
| seed coat | outer covering that protects the embryo and its food from drying out. |
| germination | occurs when the seed absorbs water and the embryo begins to grow again and pushes out of the seed. |
| seed dispersal | scattering of seeds; can be done by animals, insects, air, or water |
| pollination | transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures. |
| petals | most colorful parts of the flower; contain the reproductive parts. |
| stamens | male reproductive parts of a plant |
| pistils | female reproductive parts of a plant |
| ovary | protects the seeds as they develop |
| sepals | leaflike structures that protect the developing flower; often green in color |
| tropism | a plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus |
| thigmotropism | growth response to touch |
| gravitropism | growth response to gravity |
| phototropism | growth response to light |
| dormancy | period when an organism's growth or activity stops; helps plants survive through the winter |
| positive tropism | growth towards a stimulus |
| negative tropism | growth away from a stimulus |
Created by:
kmsew
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