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AP CoGo Unit 2
Institutions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Presidential System | government in which the head of government leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch |
| Parliamentary System | Combine lawmaking and executive functions- fusion of powers. |
| Semi-Presidential System | Sometimes called a dual executive system, this is a system in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet. |
| Executive | responsible for implementing laws and policies |
| Head of State | Represents a nation in ceremonial functions. In some governments, this individual can also have formal powers to shape foreign policy. |
| Head of Government | he executive leader or chief executive. Responsible for formulating, implementing, and executing policies through a cabinet and/or various government agencies |
| Executive Term Limits | institutional rules that limit the amount of time that an executive can serve in that office |
| Legislative | responsible for making laws and policies |
| Bicameral | 2 houses of legislature |
| Unicameral | 1-house legislature |
| Judicial System | responsible for interpreting laws and policies |
| Independent Legislature | how the legislature is checked by other branches or the processes |
| Independent Judiciary | how much authority the judicial branch has to overrule the other branches of government ; ability to strengthen democracy by protecting civil liberties and rights and maintaining separation of powers |
| cabinet | advisors to the executive who help carry out policy |
| popular election | a vote by the people |
| policy | guidelines, rules, regulations, or laws created by the government |
| civil service | the people who work for the bureaucracy as career-employees |
| Judicial Review | the ability of the court to rule actions of the government unconsitutional |
| Civil Liberties | Freedoms for individuals such as speech, assembly, religion, property, life, fair trial. Freedoms or protection from government |
| Civil Rights | protection against discrimination on the basis of race, gender, ethnicity, ability, etc |
| Checks and Balances | each branch of government can limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power. |
| Fusion of Power | in parliamentary forms of government where different branches of government are intermingled, typically the executive and legislative |
Created by:
marianne.foil
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