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spine and thorax

spine and thorax trail guide

QuestionAnswer
1. which section of the vertebral column is capable of the most movement? cervical
2. the thorax is composed of which structures? sternum and rib cage
3. the visible row of bumps running down the center of the back are the____? spinous processes
4. t-12 spinous process twelfth rib
t-2 spinous process superior angle of the scapula
L-4 spinous process top of the iliac crest
C-7 spinous process base of the neck
T-7 spinous process inferior angle of the scapula
5. with your partner seated, what two movements at the spine could you ask your partner to perform to feel the movement of the spinous processes? flexion, extension
6. the angles of the scapula and the corresponding spinous processes do not always line up. Name two factors that might affect the position of the scapula? body type, muscular contraction
7. which two cervical vertebrae have spinous process that protrude further posteriorly and are more distinct than the other cervical vertebrae? C-2, C-7
8. which brand of connective tissue lies superficial to the cervical spinous processes? ligamentum nuchae
9. many of the cervical tissue lies superficial to the cervical spinous processes? sternocleidomastoid
10. your partner is supine and you passively rotate the head 45 degrees away from the side you are palpating. This position places the cervical transverse processes in a line running between which two bony landmarks? mastoid process, center of shaft of clavicle
11. the lamina groove is located between which two bony landmarks of the vertebrae? spinous and transverse processes
1. the thoracic transverse processes are located deep to the ____ muscles and superficial to the ____. erector spinae, connecting aspects of the ribs
2. to avoid the thick erector spinae muscles overlying the lumbar transverse processes, it is best to slide your fingers roughly how far laterally from the spinous processes? two inches
3. which rib attaches to the sternum at the level of the sternal angle? second
4. what is the structure that extends off the ribs and attaches to the sternum? costal cartilage
5. which muscles are located between ribs? intercostals
6. although the entire rib cage is deep to muscle tissue, which portion is easily accessed? the sides of the trunk
7. the first rib is deep to which bone along the anterior thorax? clavicle
8. exploring just posterior to the clavicle, through which muscle group must you palpate to access the first rib? scalenes
9. what action could you ask your partner to perform to feel the first rub move? slow deep breath into upper chest
10. in which three directions are the ribs ideally designed to move? anterior/posterior, lateral, superior
11. the eleventh and twelfth ribs lie at approximately what angle of the body? 45 degrees
12. as you palpate medially toward the spine, you may lose contact with the twelfth rib because it is deep to which muscle group? erector spinae group
1. the most medial branch of the erector spinae group is the _____. while the most lateral is the _____. spinalis, iliocostalis illustration
2. in the lumbar region, the erectors lie deep to what connective tissue structures? thoracolumbar fascia
3. to contract the lower fibers of the erector spinae group in a prone position, you could ask your partner to perform what action? raise and lower his feet slightly
4. when exploring between the scapula, can you name two muscles through which you will have to palpate to access the deeper erector spinae fibers? trapezius, rhomboids or serratus posterior superior
5. unlike the long, vertical erector fibers, the branches of the transversospinalis group consist of many ___ fibers? short, diagonal
6. as a group, the transversospinalis muscles can be easily located along the __ of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. lamina grooves
the origin for Iliocostalis is? common tendon (lumborum), posterior surface of ribs 1-12 (thoracis and cervicis)
the insertion for Iliocostalis is? TVPs of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12 (lumborum), posterior surface of ribs 1-6 (thoracis), TVPs of lower cervicals (cervicis)
the longissimus origin is? common tendon (thoracis), TVPs of upper five thoracic vertebrae (cervicis and capitis)
the longissimus insertion is? lower nine ribs and TVPs of thoracic vetebrae (thoracis), TVPs of cervical vertebrae (cervicis), mastoid process (capitis)
the multifidi origin is? sacrum and TVPs of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
the multifidi insertion is? spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra (each belly spanning 2-4 vertebrae)
the rotatores origin is? TVPs of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
the rotatores insertion is? spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra (each belly spanning 1-2 vertebrae)
the semispinalis capitis origin is? transverse processes of C-4 to T-5
the semispinalis capitis insertion is? between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occiput
the spinalis origin is? spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae (thoracis), ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C-7 (cervicis)
the spinalis insertion is? spinous processes of upper thoracic (thoracis), spinous processes of cervicals, except C-1 (cervicis)
13. passive flexion of the spine would ___ the iliocostalis lengthen
14. passive rotation of the spine to the opposite side would ___ the rotatores shorten
15. passive lateral flexion of the spine to the same would ___ the longissimus shorten
16. passive rotation of the spine to the same side would ___ the multifidi lengthen
1. rotating the head to the left demands the contraction of which splenius capitis- the left or right? left
2. the spienius capitis is a deep muscle except on the lateral side of the neck where it is superficial between which two muscles? trapezius, sternocleidomastoid
3. to distinguish the trapezius fibers from the splenius capitis fibers, you could ask your partner to perform what action? rotate his head slightly toward the side you are palpating
4. how can the upper fibers of the trapezius be helpful in locating the suboccipitals? the trap's lateral edge is the same width as the suboccipitals
5. what two bony landmarks and one region can be helpful to isolate the location of the suboccipitals? spinous process of C-2. TVPs od C-1; the space between the superior nuchal line of the occiput and C-2
the origin for oblique capitis inferior? spinous process of the axis (C-2) (2)
oblique capitis inferior insertion? transverse process of the atlas (C-1)
oblique capitis superior origin? Tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas (C-1)
oblique capitis superior insertion is? Between the nuchal lines of the occiput
rectus capitis posterior major origin is? Spinous process of the axis (C-2) (2)
rectus capitis posterior major insertion is? inferior nuchal line of the occiput (2)
rectus capitis posterior minor origin is? tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas (C-1)
rectus capitis posterior minor insertion is? inferior nuchal line of the occiput (2)
splenius capitis origin is? inferior one-half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C-7 to T-4
splenius capitis insertion is? Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
splenius cervicis origin is? spinous processes to T-3 to T-6
splenius cervicis insertion is? Transverse processes of C-1 to C-3
11. passive rotation of the head to the same side would ___ the rectus capitis posterior major shorten
12. Passive lateral flexion of the head and neck would ___ the splenius cervicis shorten
13. Passive extension of the head and neck would ___ the splenius capitis shorten
14. passive rotation of the head to the opposite side would ___ the oblique capitis inferior lengthen
15. Passive rotation of the head and neck to the opposite side would ___ the splenius capitis lengthen
1. which edge of the quadratus lumborum is accessible from the side of the torso? lateral edge
2. Which three bony landmarks can help you to isolate the borders of the quadratus lumborum? twelfth rib, posterior iliac crest, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
3. what action could ask your partner to perform to feel the laterally tilt (elevate) the hip
4. which abdominal muscle runs vertically from the rib cage to the pubic crest? rectus abdominis
5. Rotating your trunk to the right would engage your left or right internal oblique muscle right
6. you are palpating lateral to the edge of rectus abdominis and the fibers you feel are superficial and running at an angle. what muscle is this? external oblique
7. What is the primary muscle of respiration? diaphragm
8. When the diaphragm muscle fibers contract, what connective tissue structure is pulled inferiorly? the central tendon
9. when is it best to move your fingers as you curl them underneath the rib cage to feel the diaphragm? only as your partner exhales
10. Name two large muscle through which you would have to palpate to access various portions of the intercostals. latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major or external oblique
the origin of the diaphragm is? inner surface of lower six ribs, upper two or three lumbar vertebrae and inner part of xiphoid process
the insertion of the diaphragm is? central tendon
the origin of the external oblique is? external surfaces of fifth to twelfth ribs
the insertion of the external oblique is? anterior part of the iliac crest, rectus shealth to linea ablba
the origin of the internal oblique is? lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia
the insertion of the internal oblique is? internal surface of lower three ribs, rectus shealth to linea alba
the origin of the rectus abdominis is? pubic crest, pubic symphysis
the insertion of the rectus abdominis is?? cartilage of fifth, sixth, and seventh ribs and xiphoid
the origin of the transverse abdominis is? lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
the insertion of the transverse abdominis is? rectus sheath to linea alba
increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity would _____ the diaphragm's fibers? shorten
Passive rotation of the vertebral column to the same side would ___ the external oblique? lengthen
Compression of the abdominal contents would ___ the transverse abdominis. shorten
16. Drawing the ventral part of the ribs upward would __ the external intercostals shorten
17. Passive rotation of the vertebral column to the opposite side would ___ the internal oblique. lengthen
the origin for quadratus lumborum is? posterior iliac crest
the insertion for quadratus lumborum is? last rib and transvere processes of first though fourth lumbar vertebrae
the ligamentum nuchae spans between which two bony landmarks? external occipital protuberance, spinous process of C-7
2. to feel the ligamentum nuchae change tension underneath your fingers, what two passive movements can you perform at the head? flexion and extension
3. what superficial ligament can be felt between the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae? supraspinous
4. the abdominal aorta is located where in relationship to the psoas major? medial
5. the thoracolumbar fascia serves as an attachment site for which two muscles? latissimus dorsi, any branches of the erector spinae group
the vertebrae column (spine) has ___ vertebrae, __ cervical in the neck, __ thoracic in the thorac, and __ lumbar in the lower back. 24, 7, 12, 5
the ___ are the most mobile and accessible of the 24 spinal bones. cervical
the 12 ___ articulate to the 12 ribs and are designed for minimal movement, the help protect the internal organs thoracic
the 11th and 12th rib is considered ___. floating ribs
Created by: xokitty17xo
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