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science Vocab-sec.1

science Vocab-sec.2

QuestionAnswer
chloroplast A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food.
lysosome A small round cell structure that contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones.
vacuole A water-filled sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area.
Golgi body A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic retculum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.
ribosome A small grain-like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made.
endoplasmic reticulum A cell structure that forms maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
mitochondrion Rod-shaped cell structure that produce most of the energy needed to carry out the cell functions.
cytoplasm The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; in organisms without a nucleus , the region located inside the cell membrane.
chromatin Material in cells that contians DNA and carries genetic information
nucleus A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cell's activities.
cell membrane A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
cell wall A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms. It is made of a material called cellulose.
organelle A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. Some produce energy, build and transport needed materials, and store and recycle waste.
RNA Ribonucleic acid; a nucleic that plays an important role in the production of proteins.
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries onformation about on organism and is passes from parent to offspring.
nucleic acid A very large organic molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphrous, that contains instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life.
lipid Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
enzyme A type of protein that speeds up chemical reaction in a living thing.
amino acid Small molicules that are linked together chemicially to form proteins.
protein Large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfer.
carbohydrate Energy-rich organic compounds, such as sugars and starches, that are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
inorganic compound A compound that does not contain carbon.
organic compound A compound that contains carbon.
molecule The smallest unit of most compounds.
compound Two or more elements the are chemically combined.
atom The smallest unit of an element.
element Any substace that cannot be broken down into simplier substances.
Created by: Miranda Page
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