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PHS Ch 20

Professional Knowledge in Biotechnology Research and Development

QuestionAnswer
bioethics the study of ethical practices in medical research and the use of advanced technology to treat patients.
Common Rule a set of regulations adopted in common by a number of federal agencies to ensure the safety of testing on human subjects.
gene term for a combination of DNA found on the 46 chromosomes inside each human cell that determine the unique genetic makeup of an individual and carry the code for building human cells, tissues, and organs.
genetic discrimination the use of genetic information by employers and insurance companies to deny employment or insurance coverage or to treat individuals differently because of a genetic condition.
genetic engineering the deliberate manipulation of genetic materials to eliminate harmful traits or to ensure the presence of desirable traits.
genetic test the examination of a person’s cells to analyze his or her genes and identify possible genetic disorders.
incident report a form used to record the details of an unusual event, such as an accident or injury.
personalized medicine term for medical treatments that are tailored to a person’s genetic makeup and individual needs.
recombinant DNA genetically engineered DNA that usually includes segments from two or more different genetic sources.
reproductive cloning the creation of exact genetic duplicates.
select agent a highly dangerous and strictly controlled substance that can potentially be used to develop biological or chemical weapons.
stem cell a cell that can duplicate itself many times and has the ability to develop into many different types of cells.
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