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Mendel's Genetics
Study Stack #7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did Gregor Mendel Study Pea plants? How many traits at once? Where/when did he live? Difference between how he did his reasearch vs other scientists? | tried to predict possible types of flowers and fruits that would grow from crossbreeding two plants and allowing plants to self pollinate one trait at a time... He lived in Austria in the 1800s -scientific method vs observation and description |
| Define inheritance and apply that knowledge to an example of the student’s own work. | dihybrid or monohybrid cross----- Inheritance- the passing of traits from parents to offspring. |
| 3. Explain the relationship between inheritance and genes and alleles. | Inheritance; the passing of traits from parents to offspring. Gene- segment of DNA on a chromosome/chromatid that controls a particular trait; occurs in pairs with one gene per homologous pairAllele- an alternate expression of a gene.big or small letters |
| Distinguish between dominant and recessive alleles | 1) Large letter- dominant allele ex. B 2) Small letter-recessive allele (masked by dominant allele when they are together.) ex. b There are 2 alleles for each genotype b/c there is an allele from each parent; one from each homologous chromosome. |
| Identify the Principle of Dominance and Recessiveness | dominant allele masks (covers up) the recessive allele |
| Define punnett square. | used to predict the results of a cross without actually crossing the traits. a) Uses large letters for dominant (B)-example b) Uses small letter for recessive (b)-example c) Punnett squares represents 100% probability for each offspring |
| Distinguish between genotype and a phenotype. | a) Genotype- actual genetic makeup of organism b) -Phenotype- physical description of trait….based on genotype. |
| Differentiate among homozygous and heterozygous genotypes. | Homozygous-alleles are the same Heterozygous-alleles are different |
| Explain the difference between homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive and heterozygous. Give an example for each! | homozygous dominant- 2 dominant alleles (BB) heterozygous- 1 dominant allele and 1 recessive allele (Bb)-the dominant allele is the one that is expressed (shown) Homozygous recessive- 2 recessive alleles (bb) |
| Define monohybrid | Monohybrid-crosses involving one trait/one genotype |
| Define dihybrid. | Dihybrid Cross-crosses involving two traits/genotypes |
| Explain population sampling and the pros and cons for using it in scientific research. | Using a small group of individuals to represent a larger group Pros-saves time, saves money, easier Cons- not as much detail, higher error b/c it doesn’t represent as many people, does not consider diversity in populations |
Created by:
23efritz
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