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Astronomy test study
task cards for test
| question/term | answer/definition |
|---|---|
| Rotation | the action of rotating around an axis or center. |
| Revolution | the movement of an object in a circular or elliptical course around another or about an axis or center. |
| Most common elements in the universe | Helium and hydrogen |
| Light year | a unit of astronomical distance equivalent to the distance that light travels in one year, which is 9.4607 × 1012 km (nearly 6 trillion miles). |
| Waxing | (of the moon between new and full) have a progressively larger part of its visible surface illuminated, increasing its apparent size. |
| Waning | (of the moon) have a progressively smaller part of its visible surface illuminated, so that it appears to decrease in size. |
| Which side is the moon lit up on during the waxing phases? | A waxing moon will be illuminated on the right side |
| Which side is it lit up on during the waning phases? | a waning moon will be illuminated on the left side. |
| Be able to identify moon phases on a diagram | New moon. Waxing Crescent. First quarter. Waxing Gibbous. Full moon. Waning Gibbous. Last (third) quarter moon. Waning Crescent. |
| Moon’s revolution period | 27.3 days |
| How long does it take for the moon to go from new moon to full moon? | 29.5 days |
| Terrestrial planets | Planets made of rock |
| Gas planets | Planets made of gas |
| Inner planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars |
| Outer planets | Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, and Jupiter |
| Asteroids | a small rocky body orbiting the sun. Though some have more eccentric orbits, and a few pass close to the earth or enter the atmosphere as meteors. |
| Asteroid belt | a torus-shaped region in the Solar System, located roughly between the orbits of the planets Jupiter and Mars |
| meteors, meteoroids, and meteorites. | rocks from space that interact with earth |
| 3 parts of a comet | the tail, the nucleus and the coma. |
| Which direction does the tail of a comet point? | away from the sun |
| What causes the tail of a comet? | the sun's radiation pressure. |
| corona | an aura of plasma that surrounds the Sun |
| Solar wind | the continuous flow of charged particles from the sun which permeates the solar system. |
| Sunspot | a spot or patch appearing from time to time on the sun's surface, appearing dark by contrast with its surroundings. |
| Source of Sun’s energy | nuclear fusion within the sun |
| Absolute magnitude vs. Apparent magnitude | apparent magnitude — how bright the star appears from Earth — and absolute magnitude — how bright the star appears at a standard distance of 32.6 light-years |
| 90% of the stars on an H-R diagram are ______________ ______________ stars. | main sequence |
| Nebula | a cloud of gas and dust in outer space, visible in the night sky either as an indistinct bright patch or as a dark silhouette against other luminous matter. |
| Main sequence | the stage where a star spends most of its existence |
| Red giant | a very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature. Red giants are thought to be in a late stage of evolution when no hydrogen remains in the core to fuel nuclear fusion. |
| Red supergiant | a red giant but huge. |
| Supernova | a star that suddenly increases greatly in brightness because of a catastrophic explosion that ejects most of its mass. |
| Black dwarf | a theoretical stellar remnant |
| Black hole | a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape. |
| What causes stars to have different life cycles? | their mass |
| A protostar must start what process to be considered a star? | nuclear fusion |
| Milky Way | the galaxy that includes our Solar System |
| Elliptical | a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base. |
| Spiral | winding in a continuous and gradually widening (or tightening) curve, either around a central point on a flat plane or about an axis so as to form a cone. |
| Irregular | Irregular |
| What is at the center of a galaxy? | supermassive black hole |
Created by:
willdowdy9956
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