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Astronomy
Study Guide for Astronamy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rotation | The action of turning or spinning on an axis |
| Revolution | The action of one object moving completely around another in an orbital path. |
| Most common element in the universe | Hydrogen the Helium |
| Light year | The distance light travels in a year. About 5.88 trillion miles |
| Waxing | Between the new moon and the full moon. |
| Waning | After the full moon and is when their is a shadow on the right side. |
| Which side is the moon lit up on during the waxing phases? | Right |
| Which side is it lit up on during the waning phases? | Left |
| Be able to identify moon phases on a diagram | New moon, Waxing crescent, First quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full moon, Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, Waning Crescent |
| Moon’s revolution period | It take the moon 27.3 day to revolve around the earth |
| How long does it take for the moon to go from new moon to full moon? | 15 days |
| Terrestrial Planet | Four innermost planets in the solar system Mercury, Venus, earth, Mars. They have rocky or solid surfaces and are smaller |
| Gas Planet | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Do not have rock or solid surfaces and are bigger. |
| Inner Planet | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Also known as the terrestrial planets. |
| Outer Planet | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Also known as Gas planets |
| Asteroid | A large potato object that orbits the sun, smaller then planets |
| Asteroid Belt | Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Most asteroids are located there. |
| meteors, meteoroids, and meteorites | Meteors are meteoroids that have entered the atmosphere. Meteoroids are pieces of asteroids Meteorite is a meteor that hit earths surface |
| 3 Parts of a Comet | Nucleus, Coma, and Tail |
| Which direction does the Tail point towards | Always points away from the sun. |
| What causes the tail of a comet? | Gas and dust pushed away from the comet due to solar winds. Can be millions of kilometers long |
| Photosphere | Visible surface of the sun. |
| Corona | 3rd and hottest layer of the sun |
| Solar wind | Carries particles out from the sun |
| Sunspot | Coolest parts of the sun. It looks like a dark spot |
| Source of Sun’s energy | Nuclear Fusion |
| Absolute magnitude vs. Apparent magnitude | Absolute magnitude is how bright the star seems to be at a standard distance 32.6 light years. Apparent magnitude is how bright the star appears from the earth. |
| 90% of the stars on an H-R diagram are ______________ ______________ stars. | main sequence |
| Main sequence | Ranges from hot and bright. To dim and cool |
| Red Giant | The stage after main sequence for a small to medium star. Fuel begins to run out. |
| Red supergiant | A star that is among to most massive and brightest of all stars |
| Supernova | An extremely bright explosion of a star |
| Black Dwarf | A dead star that no longer gives of light or heat. |
| Black Hole | A gravitational field so strong that not even light can escape |
| What causes stars to have a different life cycle | It is based on their mass |
| A protostar must start what process to be considered a star | Nuclear fusion( light and heat produced) |
| Milky Way | The name of the spiral shape galaxy in which we live |
| Elliptical | A smooth circular or oval shaped galaxy. |
| Spiral | A flat disk shaped galaxy. Most abundant type about 72% of galaxies are spiral |
| Irregular | A random seatered type of galaxy |
| What is at the center of a galaxy | A massive black hole |
| Why are their 42 things to study on this page | It's the meaning of life |
Created by:
mdinakin
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