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Chapter 9
cdeutsch/ursuline
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What 3 things does food provide for living things? | 1. Chemical building blocks to grow & reproduce2. Source of new material that cells can use to grow & develop.3. Source of energy |
| What amount of energy is needed to raise 1 g of water 1*C? | a calorie |
| What does 1000 calories equal? | 1 kilocalorie |
| Where do you see the word calorie? | on food labels |
| What # of calories is releasced when 1g of glucose combines with oxygen? | 3811 calories of (3.811Cal) |
| What process releases the energy in food? | The process begins with glocolyis |
| What process releases energy by breaking down food molecues in the presence of oxygen? | cellular respiration |
| What does the process of cellular respiration involve? | glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. Oxygen + glucose combines to form carbon dioxide + water + energy. |
| What would happen if all of the processes happened at once? | The energy in glucose would be lost as heat and light. |
| What do the cells need to make ATP? | They need to trap the energy in little bits. |
| What do the 3 main stages of cellular respiration each to produce ATP? | the chemical energy in food |
| Where does the first set of reactions in cellular respiration take place? | in the cytoplasm |
| What is the process in which the glucose molecule 6C is broken into 2 molecues of pyruic acid (each 3C)? | gycolysis |
| What kind of process is glycolysis and what does it need as activation energy? | It is a releasing process but it needs 2 ATP molecules as activation energy. |
| How many ATP molecules does glycolyis release and what is the overall gain of ATP molecules? | It release 4 ATP so there is an overall net gain of 2 ATP from the process. |
| What other energy carrier is produced in glycolysis? | NADH |
| What are 3 important things to remember about glycolysis? | The energy gained is small (2 ATP/glucose molecule) BUT process is very fast so LOTS of ATP is produced quickly and the reaction does not require oxygen. |
| What happens if oxygen is not present in glycolsis? | Glycolysis is followed by a process called fermentation. |
| What does anaerobic mean? | w/o oxygen |
| What are 2 kinds of fermentation? | alcoholic, and lactic acid |
| What kind of fermentation is used by yeast, produces ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide, makes dough rise when added to bread, produces wine, liquior and beer? | alcoholic fermentation |
| What kind of fermentation produces an acid, occurs in muscle cells that run out of oxygen, causes painful, burning sensation or sore muscles? | lactic acid fermentation |
| What is the equation for lactic acid fermentation? | pyruvic acid + NADH combines to form lactic acid + NAD+ |
| What is the equation for alcholic fermentation? | pyruvic acid + NADH combines to form carbon dioxide + alcohol + NAD+ |
| What are the 4 ways lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation are alike? | 1. reactants: pyruvic acid + NADH2. do not require oxygen3. Produce NAD+ needed for glycolysis4. quick souce of energy but only in small amts. |
| How are lactic acide and alcoholic fermentation different? (2) | They differ in the product and in where they occur. Alcoholic occurs in yeast cells and produces alcohol and carbon dioxide. Lactic acid produces lactic acid and occurs in muscle cells. |
Created by:
cdeutsch
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