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Astronomy Test Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rotation | The act of rotating around the center or axis such as the earth spinning |
| Revolution | The act of a celestial body going round in an elliptical orbit around another object such as the earth orbiting the sun |
| Most common elements in the universe | Helium and Hydrogen |
| Light year | The distance that light travels in one year |
| Waxing Moon | When the moon becoming more lit |
| Waning Moon | When the moon is becoming less lit |
| Which side is the moon lit up on during the waxing phases | The right side |
| Which side is the moon lit up on during the waning phases | The left side |
| Be able to identify the moon phases on a diagram | new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent. |
| Moon’s revolution period | 27.3 days |
| How long does it take for the moon to go from new moon to full moon? | 29.5 days |
| Terrestrial planets | Compact rocky planets such as Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars |
| Gas planets | A large planet with a thick gassy atmosphere and does not have a solid surface |
| Inner planets | A planet that orbits within the asteroid belt, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| Outer planets | A planet that orbits outside the asteroid belt, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune |
| Asteroids | A small rock body orbiting the sun. There are many of these ranging in size |
| Asteroid belt | A collection of asteroids in interplanetary space between Mars and Jupiter |
| You don’t need to know the difference between meteors, meteoroids, and meteorites. HOWEVER, study them and know a few things about them. | Space rocks that enter earth atmosphere and sometimes crash or burn up |
| 3 parts of a comet | The coma, nucleus, and the tail |
| Which direction does the tail point in a comet | Away from the sun |
| What causes the tail of a comet | The suns heat evaporates the comets gases, causing it to emit dust other particles into space |
| Photosphere | The visible surface of the sun |
| Corona | The outer parts if the suns atmosphere, usually hidden by the sun's surface |
| Solar wind | A stream of particles and plasma that escape the sun and fly into space |
| Sunspot | spot of gas on the surface of the sun |
| Source of Sun’s energy | nuclear fusion |
| Absolute magnitude vs. Apparent magnitude | Apparent magnitude is the brightness of an object to the observer while absolute magnitude is the actual brightness of the object |
| 90% of the stars on an H-R diagram are ______________ ______________ stars | Main sequence |
| Nebula | A cloud of gas and dust in space, stars form in a nebula |
| Main sequence | A star that is in the middle of its life, 90% of stars are in this stage |
| Red giant | the later stage of a star when its is getting bigger and running out of fuel |
| Red supergiant | the later stage of a high mass star when its is getting bigger and running out of fuel |
| Supernova | A space explosion of a giant star |
| Black dwarf | The remains of a star which has completely cooled and emits no light |
| Black hole | A when a dying high mass star collapses and has a gravitational field so strong, nothing can escape |
| What causes stars to have different life cycles | The stars mass decided the life of a star |
| A proto star must start what process to be considered a star | Hydrogen fusion |
| Milky Way | The galaxy that earth is in, is a spiral galaxy |
| Elliptical | The type of galaxy with an elliptical shape |
| Spiral | The type of galaxy with a spiral shape |
| Irregular | The type of galaxy with no defined shape |
| What is at the center of a galaxy | A super sized black hole |
| Why are there 42 things to study on this page | answer given by a supercomputer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything |
Created by:
nlawton0256
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