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Astronomy Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rotation | Is when an object spins on it's axis. |
| Revolution | When an object moves around another object. |
| Most common elements in the universe | Hydrogen and Helium |
| Light year | Distance light travels in a year. |
| waxing | visible light appears on the right. |
| waning | visible light appears on the left. |
| Which side is the moon lit up on during the waxing phases? | right |
| Which side is it lit up on during the waning phases? | left |
| Be able to identify moon phases on a diagram | |
| Moon’s revolution period | 27.3 days |
| How long does it take for the moon to go from new moon to full moon? | 29.5 |
| Terrestrial planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| Gas planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Inner planets | Rocky and solid. Smaller than the outer planets. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| Outer planets | Large gas giants. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Asteroids | Large rocky metal objects that orbit the sun. Found primarily in the asteroid belt. |
| Asteroid belt | Between Jupiter and Mars |
| You don’t need to know the difference between meteors, meteoroids, and meteorites. HOWEVER, study them and know a few things about them. | Small rocky objects that orbit the sun made out of nickel and iron. |
| 3 parts of a comet. | Nucleus, Coma, and Tail |
| Which direction does the tail point? | Always points away from the sun. |
| What causes the tail of a comet? | The gas and dust being pushed away due to solar wind. |
| Photosphere | first layer of the sun |
| Corona | third layer of the sun |
| Solar wind | particles that are carried away from the sun |
| Sunspot | cool dark spots on the sun |
| Source of Sun’s energy | fusion |
| Absolute magnitude vs. Apparent magnitude | How bright from earth How bright a star actually is |
| 90% of the stars on an H-R diagram are ______________ ______________ stars. | Main sequence |
| Nebula | cloud of dust |
| Main sequence | after nuclear fusion starts. |
| Red giant | the stage after the main sequence for a small to medium mass star |
| Red supergiant | a star that is among the most massive and brightest of all stars. |
| Supernova | an extremely bright explosion of a star |
| Black dwarf | a dead star that no longer gives off light or heat |
| Black hole | a gravitational field so strong that not even light can escape. |
| What causes stars to have different life cycles? | main sequence |
| A protostar must start what process to be considered a star? | Nebula |
| Milky Way | The name of the spiral shaped galaxy in which we live |
| Elliptical | smooth oval shaped galaxy |
| Spiral | flat disk shaped galaxy |
| Irregular | a random scattered type galaxy |
| What is at the center of a galaxy? | Black Hole |
Created by:
Fía D.
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