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Gov Test #1
Principles of Government
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| State | A body of people living in a defined territory, organized politically and have the power to make or change their own laws w/o a higher power's consent. (Doesn't need to be just 50 states) |
| Sovereign | Absolute rule within a defined territory |
| Force Theory | (most common) a state comes about by being pushed (they may or may not want to) |
| Example of Force Theory | any dictatorship (Roman Empire, Nazi Germany) |
| Evolutionary Theory | when states naturally change over time (oldest is the leader) |
| Example of Evolutionary Theory | Indian tribes |
| Divine Right Theory | chosen by God |
| Example of Divine Right Theory | Emporers, Egypt Pharohs, Dinesties in Asia, The Vatican (Pope) |
| Social Contract Theory | people have power, they make decisions; the state exists to serve the people |
| Example of Social Contract Theory | US |
| Purposes of Gov't: | 1-form a more perfect union 2-establish justice 3-assure domestic tranquility 4-provide a common defense 5-promote general welfare 6-secure the blessings of liberty |
| Example of promoting general welfare | New Deal, laws for going to school |
| Thomas Jefferson says this purpose of government is the most important | To establish justice |
| Forms of Gov't: | Unitary, Confederation, Federalism |
| Unitary Gov't (examples, pros, cons) | one person/agency has all the power (ex: dictatorship, king/queen, china, england) pro-efficient, con-too much power to agency (ppl have no say) |
| Confederation Gov't (examples) | alliance of states for the purpose of defense (ex:Indians, South in Civil War, 13 colonies) |
| Federalism (examples) | dividing of powers (ex: US-federal (income tax), state (speed limit, murder), local (curfew)) |
| Branches of Gov't: | Executive, Judicial, Legislature |
| Executive Branch | (President)-enforces laws |
| Judicial Branch (example) | (Supreme Court)-interprets laws (ex: Plessy v. Ferguson-reviewed for yrs if it was constitutional for separation of blacks and whites, overruled) |
| Legislative Branch | (Congress: Senate (100), House of Reps (435)) makes laws |
| Basic Concepts of Democracy: | 1-fundamental worth of each individual 2-equality for all 3-majority rule with minority rights 4-compromise 5-greatest amt of individual freedom possible (until one infringes on another's right; ex: seat belts, helmet on motorcycle) |
| Basic Principles of the Constitution | 1-popular sovereignty (people rule) 2-limited gov't 3-separation of power (not to just 1 group) 4-checks & balances 5-judicial review (law is constit'tl) 6-federalism (national, state, local) |
| Why is Constitution vague? | the founding fathers knew things would change |
| Amendment | adding something to the constitution (27) |
| Formal Amendment Process | (4)-Senate writes up change, presents it, needs 2/3 vote of Senate (67), then needs 2/3 of House of Reps (290), then needs majority from each state, needs 75% of states (38), then its an Amendment (if no at any time=over) |
| Informal Amendment Processes | 1-basic law 2-presidential action (vietnam=conflict) 3-Supreme Court Decision (if law is constit'tl) 4-political party activities 5-custom (pres. cabinet-15 ppl) |
| 3 Court Cases | 1-1896-Plessy v. Ferguson-separate but = was constit'tl 2-1954-Brown v. Tepeca Board of Education-separat but = isnt constit'tl 3-1973-Roe v. Wade-abortion in 1st trimester |
Created by:
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