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Chap 15 Human Genome

Chap 15 The Human Genome Pearson Biology

QuestionAnswer
the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA. genome
the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size. (largest to smallest with the sex chromosomes last) karyotype
the 23rd set of chromosomes that determine an individual's sex sex chromosomes
female chromosome genotype XX
male chromosome genotype XY
a gene located on a sex chromosome sex-linked gene
autosomes aka autosomal chromosomes 44 chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes or 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes
Which chromosome has more genes, X or Y? The X chromosome X has more than 1400 genes Y has less than 160 genes
How are recessive traits inherited with sex-linked genes? Females show the recessive phenotype if trait comes from both parents. Males only need to get one copy (on the X chromosome).
chart that shows the presence or absence of a trait according to the relationships within a family across at least 3 generations pedigree
Can you read a pedigree? If no, please review video on YouTube page.
error in meiosis in which the homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly nondisjunction
non- not
dis- separate
junction come together or join together
How can nondisjunction affect the production of gametes? or How can nondisjunction disrupt the making of sex cells through meiosis? Nondisjunction can cause gametes to have an abnormal number of chromosome
How can a change in genotype affect phenotype? Changes in genes can change the amino acid sequence that makes the proteins. This will directly change the phenotype.
What are two diseases/disorders caused by individual genes? Sickle Cell Disease Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Huntington's Disease
Having the sickle cell anemia allele grants affected people an advantage against what infection? Malaria
Process of cutting, separating, and copying nucleic acids to read DNA base sequences Manipulating DNA
procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel gel electrophoresis
How large is the human genome? About 20,000 genes
Created by: kingazcp
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