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the digestive system
digestive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why Do We Need Food? | Growth, Energy, Repair |
| what is nutrition | Is how an organism gets its food and what type of food it gets |
| what is a diet | What a person eats on a day-to-day basis |
| what does a balanced diet consist of | Proteins, Fat, Water, Carbohydrates , Minerals, Vitamins, |
| What Does a Balanced Diet Depend On? | Age, Gender, Activity |
| what do we need protein for | for growth and for repair |
| what do we need carbohydrates(starch) for | energy |
| what do we need carbohydrates(fiber) for | it aids peristalsis |
| why do we need fat | cell membrane |
| what do we need vitamin C for | making new cells prevents scurvy |
| what do we need vitamin D for | healthy bones prevents rickets |
| what do we need calcium for | strong bones and teeth prevents osteoporosis |
| what do we need iron for | part of haemoglobin prevents anaemia |
| What are the benefits of eating well? | Lower risk of disease such as heart disease, cancer and diabetes Stronger bones and muscles Healthy body mass Feeling better |
| have portion sizes increased | Portion sizes have increased in the last number of years |
| what is energy value | energy value is the amount of energy you get from a food |
| what is energy value measured in | Energy value is measured in kilojoules (kJ) per gram |
| in what order are food ingrediants listed | Ingredients are written in order of decreasing mass |
| why is water important | It is a solvent in the body (substances can dissolve easily in it) Blood is mainly made up of water It is needed for all enzyme actions Helps maintain body temperature 37°C Helps flush toxins out of body |
| Why Do We Need A Digestive System? | The food we eat is mostly made up of very large particles These large particles need to be broken down to smaller particles before they can fit through the blood or travel through the cell membrane |
| what is a system | System = a group of organs working together |
| what does digest mean | Digest = to break down large particles into smaller particles |
| What Is A Digestive System? | A digestive system = a group or organs working together to break down large particles into smaller ones |
| Five Steps To Provide Nutrition For The Body | 1) Ingestion 2) Digestion 3) Absorption 4) Assimilation 5) Egestion |
| what is ingestion | Ingestion is taking in food |
| what is digestion | Breaking down food |
| what is absorption | The food passing into the blood system for delivery to all cells in the body |
| what is assimilation | The food being put to use by the cells for example energy, growth, repair |
| what is egestion | Passing of any unabsorbed food out in the form of faeces (pooing) |
| what is the function of the mouth (with teeth) | Take in food Crush food with teeth(mechanical digestion) Amylase is added to food (chemical digestion) |
| what is the function of the salivary glands | Makes saliva which contains enzyme, amylase, to break down starch to smaller sugars (chemical digestion) |
| what is the function of the oesophagus | Carry food down to the stomach |
| what is the function of the stomach | Churn the food(mechanical digestion) Add acid to the food (chemical digestion) |
| what is the function of the small intestine | Further digestion by enzymes (chemical digestion) Absorption of digested food into the blood |
| what is the function of the large intestine | Water is absorbed into the blood The waste left is prepared for egestion |
| what is the function of the liver | Produces liquid bile, which helps digest fat (chemical digestion) Regulates the amount of each food in the blood |
| what is the function of the gall bladder | Stores bile from the liver until it is needed |
| what is the function of the pancreas | Makes enzymes to break down food (chemical digestion) |
| The teeth and their functions | Incisors – cut and slice food Canines – grip and tear food Premolars – crush, chew and grind food Molars– crush, chew and grind food |
| how many teeth are there | 32 teeth in an adult (including wisdom teeth) 28 if you have them removed or they haven’t come up yet (say 28 in test and exams) |
| what do enzymes do | Chemical breakdown of food in the digestive system is carried out by enzymes |
| what is a biochemical reaction | Any chemical reaction that occurs in a living organism is called a biochemical reaction |
| what are enzymes | Enzymes are proteins that speed up a biochemical reaction |
| are enzymes used up in reactions | Enzymes are NOT used up in reactions – for this reason they are known as biological catalysts |
| is amylase an enzyme | yes |
| where is amylase produced | It is produced in the salivary glands |
| what does amylase break down | Amylase breaks down large molecules of starch |
| what doe amylase break starch into | Amylase breaks down large molecules of starch into smaller sugar molecules called maltose |
| what is maltase | Maltase is an enzyme that breaks down maltose |
| maltase breaks down maltose to form what | Maltase breaks down maltose to form glucose |
| How Do The Organs Of The Digestive System Work With Each Other? mouth and salivary glands | The salivary glands produce the enzyme amylase which is passed in the saliva through tiny tubes to the mouth |
| How Do The Organs Of The Digestive System Work With Each Other? Liver and Gall bladder | The liver produces bile which is passed to the bile duct to the gall bladder to be stored |
| How Do The Organs Of The Digestive System Work With Each Other? gall bladder and small intestine | The gall bladder sends the bile, through the bile duct, to the small intestine where it is needed to digest fat |
| How Do The Organs Of The Digestive System Work With Each Other? pancreas and small intestine | The pancreas produces a number of enzymes which are passed through the pancreatic duct, to the small intestines where they are needed for digestion |
| How Do Some Organs Of The Digestive System Interact With The Circulatory System? | Because digested food is mostly absorbed from the small intestine and partly from the stomach into the blood, there is a very large number of blood vessels surrounding both the stomach and small intestines |
Created by:
JMahango
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