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8) Ecosystem
Biology Revision Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an ecosystem and its needs? Example (MISSING) | Interaction between a community (biotic) and abiotic factors in the environment. It needs energy (solar, chemical energy) and matter (N, P, C,H2O, ect). |
| Why is the flow of energy linear and why is the flow of matter cyclic? | Flow of matter cyclic because Lavoisier's Principle of Conservation of Mass, and flow of energy linear because conservation of energy and entropy of universe must increase (heat) |
| Draw a Nitrogen cycle | Elements: N2, Nitrogen fixation by nitrogen fixing bacteria, Uptake, Assimilation, Consumers, Decomposition, Dead Biomass, Decomposers, Denitrification by denitrifying bacteria |
| Draw a Phosphorus cycle | Elements: Phosphate in rocks, Phosphate in soil, Phosphate in sediments, Sedimentation, Phosphate in water, Consumers, Dead Biomass, Geological processes, weathering |
| Draw a Water cycle | Elements: Water vapor, Droplet water, Groundwater, Transpiration, Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Percolation through soil, Water in the ocean, Water in lakes |
| Draw a Carbon cycle | Elements: CO2, Plants, Consumers, Cellular respiration, Dead biomass, Fossil Fuels, Decomposers, Combustion, Photosynthesis, Carbon fixating, Assimilation |
| Name nitrogen fixing, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria | Nitrogen fixing bacteria: by soil bacteria; symbiotic bacteria in roots and lichen, cyanobateria Nitrifying bacteria: free living in soil or forms symbiotic associations with plants Denitrifying bateria: |
| Explain the 5 processes of the nitrogen cycle | Fixation, Nitrification, assimilation, ammonification and denitrification (see notebook for details) |
| What are the cause and effect of eutrophication? | Since theHaber Process (fertilizer), there's doucle the nitrogen fixation on the planet, which leads to algal blooms and eutrophiation in coastal systems. |
| How does energy flow? | Sun--» producer--» consumers to decomposers. Pro cons and decomp produce heat |
| What is a food chain? | Producer eaten by a consumer, which is eaten by another consumer. |
| What is a food web? | Illustrates the energy transfers in ecosystem. The arrow goes from organism being consumed to consumer |
| What are the trophic levels and the percent energy transfer between them? | Solar energy -(1%)--» Primary Producers -(10%)--» Herbivores--(10%)--» Primary carnivores--(10%)--» Secondary carnivores--(10%). SO, only 10% of energy available from the amount of the preceding trophic level. Exponential decline of the energy available. |
| What is Net Primary Produtivity (NPP)? (ASK) | NPP is the rate of accumulation of biomass and energy, it describes the the effect of respiration on productivity |
| What is the effect of biomagnification on humans? Use indigenous as an example. | Biomag. is when (toxic) substances are stored in tissue, like mercury/pesticides, get concentrated in the tissue of animals higher up in the food chain. As indigenous ppl mostly hunt/fish for their food, they have higher chances of getting sick bc toxins |
| What is the role of human/bacteria in soil acidification/climate change? | -Acid rain comes frome emissions of industries (humans). -This acidifies the soil and kills organisms. -Bacteria survives and remove the nitrogen (denitrifying bacteria) -SO bc of humans/bacteria, some areas have acidic, nutrient poor soils. |
Created by:
Malayka
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