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Sun,Solar System,NPO
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Planet | a large circular mass that revolves around a star |
| Dwarf Planets | They are smaller and lack the gravitational forces needed to pull in and accumulate all of the material found in their orbits. Each known dwarf planet in our solar system is actually smaller than Earth's Moon! |
| Solar System | a system of objects that revolve around a star |
| Inner Planets | small, rocky; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| Outer Planets | large, gaseous; Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Sun | a star in the Milky Way galaxy located in a spiral arm about 2/3 away from the center of the galaxy; the star that our planets revolve around |
| Photosphere | the lowest layer of the Sun’s atmosphere, the layer that gives off light, often called the surface of the sun |
| Chromosphere | a reddish gaseous layer immediately above the photosphere of the sun or another star. Together with the corona, it constitutes the star's outer atmosphere. |
| Corona | the outermost layer; above the chromosphere, the largest layer, extends million of km into space; only seen during eclipses |
| Sunspot | dark areas of the Sun’s surface that are cooler than surrounding areas, not permanent, increase and decrease in a cycle |
| Prominence | huge arching columns of gas usually near sunspots due to the intense magnetic fields |
| Solar flare | when gases near a sunspot brighten suddenly and shoot outward violently; related to magnetic fields |
| CME (solar wind) - coronal mass ejection | occurs when large amounts of electrically-charged gas is ejected suddenly from the Sun’s corona. Can damage satellites |
| Aurora | lights produced from CME’s/solar wind |
| Fusion | the process that powers the Sun; hydrogen is fused into helium |
| Moon | a rocky body in outer space that orbits a planet; a natural satellite |
| Asteroid | a small object made of rock or metal that orbits the sun in a region between Mars and Jupiter known as the asteroid belt |
| Comet | a body of ice and dust that travels in a long narrow orbit around the sun, originate in a region beyond Neptune known as the Kuiper Belt |
| Meteor | a streak of light in the sky that forms when a piece of rock from space burns up in Earth's atmosphere; shooting stars |
| Meteorite | a piece of rock from space that strikes Earth's surface |
| Meteoroid | a chunk of rock that moves about within the solar system |
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