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Ch13 Vocab Biology

Pearson Biology Chapter 13 Vocab - DNA

TermDefinition
bacteriophage type of virus that infects bacteria
Role of DNA stores and copies genetic information express the genetic information into other cells
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
nucleotide monomer of nucleic acids
Nucleotide components (parts) 5-carbon sugar molecule a phosphate group a nitrogenous base
DNA Nitrogenous Bases Adenine Cytosine Guanine THYMINE
Chargaff's Rule DNA included an equal percentage of adenine (A) and thymine (T), as well as an equal percentage of guanine (G) and cytosine (C)
base pairing principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
Bond that connects the nitrogenous bases hydrogen bond (h-bond)
AT2, CG3 Adenine & Thymine have 2 hydrogen bonds (double bond) Cytosine & Guanine have 3 hydrogen bonds (triple bond)
Scientist that used X-ray diffraction to study the structure of DNA molecules. Rosalind Franklin
Scientists that built 3-D models of DNA using Franklin's X-ray to determine the double helix structure. James Watson and Francis Crick
DNA structure Double helix
DNA sugar Deoxyribose
DNA strand components alternating phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar held together by covalent bonds
replication process of copying DNA prior to cell division
DNA polymerase principal enzyme involved in DNA replication
DNA helicase unzips (or unwinds) DNA
telomere tips of eukaryotic chromosomes
telomerase enzyme that helps prevent the genes near the ends of chromosomes from getting lost or damaged during replication
Created by: kingazcp
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