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BJU Biology - Ch 19
BJU Biology 4th edition - Chapter 19
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abiotic factor | A nonliving aspect of an ecosystem. |
| amensalism | The situation in which one population in an environment is inhibited by another, while the other is not affected by the first. |
| biodiversity | A measure of the scope or range of living organisms in an environment. |
| biogeochemical cycle | The movement of a particular chemical substance through the earth's system. |
| biological magnification | The process that concentrates small quantities of a substance into larger quantities as it is passed in a food chain. |
| biomass | The total mass of tissue of a population or species (usually measured in a dried form). |
| biosphere | The part of the earth in which life can exist. |
| biotic factor | A living thing (population) in an ecosystem. |
| carrying capacity | The maximum population size that a given area can sustain. |
| commensalism | A relationship in which one population benefits from a second population, but the second population is not harmed or helped by first. |
| competition | A relationship in which two populations inhibit each other because they both depend on the same resource. |
| consumer | An organism that takes materials from the ecosystem. |
| decomposer | An organism that breaks down dead organic matter into forms that can be used by other organisms. |
| density | A measure of the number of individuals from a population in a defined area or space. |
| density-dependent factor | A particular measure of the environment that becomes more limiting as a population increases. |
| density-independent factor | A particular measure of the environment that limits population growth regardless of the size of the population. |
| detritus | Dead organic matter. |
| ecological pyramid | A diagram showing the quantitative relationships between the biomass or the quantities of organisms in an ecosystem. |
| ecological succession | The predictable, gradual change of a biotic community over a period of time. |
| ecology | The science of the relationships between an organism and its environment. |
| ecosystem | The total system of interactions between living organisms and nonliving things and factors within a limited area. |
| exponential growth | The rate of population growth in which the population size multiplies at a constant rate at regular intervals. |
| food chain | A representation of the nutritional relationships between organisms in an ecosystem. |
| food web | A method of illustrating multiple nutritional relationships and interactions between populations in an ecosystem. |
| global warming | The rise in temperature that has been noted over the last century on the earth. |
| greenhouse effect | The phenomenon in which gases in the atmosphere prevent some of the sun's radiation from returning to space, thus maintaining a warm temperature on the earth. |
| habitat | Where an organism lives; the "address" of an organism. |
| invasive species | An organism that, when introduced to an area outside its original range, becomes a nuisance due to excessive growth or reproduction. |
| limiting factor | Something that in some way restricts the growth or existence of an organism. |
| manager | Man's role in having dominion in which he changes the environment to better meet his needs. |
| mutualism | A form of symbiosis in which the organisms depend on each other for protection and nourishment. |
| neutralism | A situation in which there is no direct relationship between populations in an environment. |
| niche | What an organism does, including its relationship to and effect on its habitat. |
| nitrogen fixation | A process in which certain bacteria capture atmospheric nitrogen and convert it to stored nitrogen compounds. |
| ozone | The triatomic form of oxygen that is found in the atmosphere. |
| pantheism | The worship of the universe and its phenomena as god. |
| parasitism | the practice of living as a parasite in or on another organism. |
| pollution | Contamination of the environment with substances or factors that change the environment significantly. |
| population | All the members of the same type of living thing within an area. |
| predation | Situation in which an organism (predator) kills and eats another organism (prey). |
| producer | An organism that produces its own food; a photosynthetic or chemosynthetic organism; an autotroph. |
| primary productivity | The rate of photosynthesis carried on by an ecosystem's producers. |
| primary succession | The type of ecological succession that starts from bare rock and must first form soil. |
| secondary succession | The type of ecological succession that starts at a point where soil and some plants are already present. |
| trophic level | A particular step in an ecological pyramid that shows the flow of energy through a food chain. |
Created by:
marchscience
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