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Ch. 21 key terms

viruses

TermDefinition
Acellular lacking cells
acute disease disease where the symptoms rise and fall within a short period of time
asymptomatic disease disease where there are no symptoms and the individual is unaware of being infected unless lab tests are performed
attenuation weakening of a virus during vaccine development
AZT anti-HIV drug that inhibits the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase
Bacteriophage virus that infects bacteria
Budding method of exit from the cell used in certain animal viruses, where virions leave the cell individually by capturing a piece of the host plasma membrane
Capsid protein coating of the viral core
cell necrosis cell death
chronic infection describes when the virus persists in the body for a long period of time
cytopathic causing cell damage
envelope lipid bilayer that encircles some viruses
fusion method of entry by some enveloped viruses, where the viral envelope fuses with the plasma membrane of the host cell
gall appearance of a plant tumor
gene therapy treatment of genetic disease by adding genes, using viruses to carry the new genes inside the cell
horizontal transmission transmission of a disease between unrelated individuals
hyperplasia abnormally high cell growth and division
hypoplasia abnormally low cell growth and division
intermittent symptom symptom that occurs periodically
latency virus that remains in the body for a long period of time but only causes intermittent symptoms
lysis bursting of a cell
lysogenic cycle type of virus replication in which the viral genome is incorporated into the genome of the host cell
lytic cycle type of virus replication in which virions are released through lysis, or bursting, of the cell
oncogenic virus virus that has the ability to cause cancer
oncolytic virus virus engineered to specifically infect and kill cancer cells
pathogen agent with the ability to cause disease
phage therapy treatment of bacterial diseases using bacteriophages specific to a particular bacterium
prion infectious particle that consists of proteins that replicate without DNA or RNA
reverse transcriptase enzyme found in Baltimore groups VI and VII that converts single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA
vaccine weakened solution of virus components, viruses, or other agents that produce an immune response
vertical transmission transmission of disease from parent to offspring
viral receptor glycoprotein used to attach a virus to host cells via molecules on the cell
virion individual virus particle outside a host cell
viroid plant pathogen that produces only a single, specific RNA
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