Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch. 5 Key terms OS
membranes and transport
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| active transport | method of transporting material that requires energy |
| aquaporin | channel protein that allows water through the membrane at a very high rate |
| carrier protein | membrane protein that moves a substance across the plasma membrane by changing its own shape |
| channel protein | membrane protein that allows a substance to pass through its hollow core across the plasma membrane |
| concentration gradient | area of high concentration adjacent to an area of low concentration |
| diffusion | passive transport process of low-molecular weight material according to its concentration gradient |
| endocytosis | type of active transport that moves substances, including fluids and particles, into a cell |
| exocytosis | process of passing bulk material out of a cell |
| facilitated transport | process by which material moves down a concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) using integral membrane proteins |
| fluid mosaic model | describes the plasma membrane's structure as a mosaic of components including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, glycoproteins, and glycolipids (sugar chains attached to proteins or lipids, respectively), resulting in a fluid character (fluidity) |
| glycolipid | combination of carbohydrates and lipids |
| glycoprotein | combination of carbohydrates and proteins |
| hydrophilic | molecule with the ability to bond with water; “water-loving” |
| hydrophobic | molecule that does not have the ability to bond with water; “water-hating” |
| hypertonic | situation in which extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving out of the cell |
| hypotonic | situation in which extracellular fluid has a lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving into the cell |
| integral protein | protein integrated into the membrane structure that interacts extensively with the membrane lipids' hydrocarbon chains and often spans the membrane |
| isotonic | situation in which the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the fluid inside the cell, resulting in no net water movement into or out of the cell |
| osmolarity | total amount of solutes dissolved in a specific amount of solution |
| osmosis | transport of water through a semipermeable membrane according to the water's concentration gradient across the membrane that results from the presence of solute that cannot pass through the membrane |
| passive transport | method of transporting material through a membrane that does not require energy |
| peripheral protein | protein at the plasma membrane's surface either on its exterior or interior side |
| pinocytosis | a variation of endocytosis that imports macromolecules that the cell needs from the extracellular fluid |
| plasmolysis | detaching the cell membrane from the cell wall and constricting the cell membrane when a plant cell is in a hypertonic solution |
| primary active transport | active transport that moves ions or small molecules across a membrane and may create a difference in charge across that membrane |
| selectively permeable | membrane characteristic that allows some substances through |
| solute | substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution |
| tonicity | amount of solute in a solution |
| transport protein | membrane protein that facilitates a substance's passage across a membrane by binding it |
Created by:
christine.thompson
Popular Biology sets