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Biol 104 Ch. 12
Campbell Biology in Focus Ch. 12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Genetic map | a list of the genetic loci along a chromosome |
| Linkage map | a genetic map based on recombination frequencies in homologous chromosomes |
| Deletion | the loss of a chromosome fragment which leads to missing genes |
| Duplication | a broken fragment of a chromosome becomes reattached to a sister or non-sister chromatid |
| Inversion | chromosomal fragment breaks off and then is reattached, but in reverse orientation |
| Translocation | a broken chromosome fragment attaches to a non homologous chromosome |
| Linked genes | genes close enough together on the same chromosomes that they are inherited together. |
| Wild type | the phenotype for the trait most commonly observed in natural populations |
| Sex linked genes | genes located on either the x or the y chromosome |
| Barr body | the inactivated x chromosome and each cell of a female mammal. |
| Parental types | offspring whose phenotypes match their parents |
| Non-disjunction | homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis. This results in an incorrect chromosome number in gamete cells. |
| Aneuploidy | general term for a zygote that has an abnormal number of a particular chromosome |
| Monosomic | a zygote that is missing one, of a set of two chromosomes |
| Trisomic | a zygote that has three of a particular chromosome |
| Polyploidy | organisms that have more than two complete chromosome sets in all somatic cells |
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